SPring-8 RIKEN beamline III for coherent X-ray optics

Tamasaku, Kenji; Tanaka, Yoshihito; Yabashi, Makina; Yamazaki, Hiroshi; Kawamura, N.; Suzuki, Motohiro; Ishikawa, Tetsuya

doi:10.1016/s0168-9002(01)00446-6

Cited by 185 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Cells were observed at the second experimental hutch (EH2) of BL29XUL [21] at SPring-8. X-ray energy of 15 keV was selected to enable the detection of elements from Na (Z = 11) to Pb (Z = 82) using x-ray fluorescence.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trace element mapping of a single cell using a hard x‐ray nanobeam focused by a Kirkpatrick‐Baez mirror system

et al. 2008

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To visualize the distributions of trace elements in biological samples such as tissues and cells at high spatial resolution, we developed a scanning x-ray fluorescence microscope (SXFM) at SPring-8, using a Kirkpatrick-Baez mirror optics that enables achromatic and highly efficient focusing. To evaluate performance regarding its application to biological samples, the SXFM was used at x-ray energy of 15 keV to observe NIH/3T3 cells in which adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase β (specifically localized at the mitochondria) were labeled with gold colloidal particles. Various elemental distributions were visualized at the single-cell level, including those for P, S, Cl, Ca, Fe, Cu, Zn and Au, and we obtained high-resolution elemental distribution maps by magnifying the labeled single mitochondrion. Maximum spatial resolution achieved in the experiments was sub-100 nm.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trace element mapping of a single cell using a hard x‐ray nanobeam focused by a Kirkpatrick‐Baez mirror system

et al. 2008

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“…Resistivity and magnetic properties of fabricated films were measured before PES measurements and the suitability of these values was confirmed [6,7,8,9]. HX-PES experiments were carried out at undulator beamlines BL29XUL [21] and BL47XU of SPring-8. The detailed growth conditions and HX-PES instrumentation details are described in refs.…”

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confidence: 95%

Nature of the Well Screened State in Hard X-Ray Mn2pCore-Level Photoemission Measurements ofLa1−x
Horiba
¹
,
Taguchi
²
,
Chainani
³

et al. 2004
Phys. Rev. Lett.
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Using hard x-ray (HX; hν = 5.95 keV) synchrotron photoemission spectroscopy (PES), we study the intrinsic electronic structure of La1−xSrxMnO3 (LSMO) thin films. Comparison of Mn 2p corelevels with Soft x-ray (SX; hν ∼ 1000 eV) -PES shows a clear additional well-screened feature only in HX-PES. Take-off-angle dependent data indicate its bulk (≥ 20Å) character. The doping and temperature dependence track the ferromagnetism and metallicity of the LSMO series. Cluster model calculations including charge transfer from doping induced states show good agreement, confirming this picture of bulk properties reflected in Mn 2p core-levels using HX-PES.PACS numbers: 71.30.+h, 78.20.Bh Hole-doped manganese oxides with a perovskite structure of Re 1−x Ae x MnO 3 (Re and Ae being trivalent rare earth : Nd, Pr, Sm, etc. and divalent alkaline earth elements : Ca, Sr, Ba, respectively) exhibit a rich phase diagram originating in complex collective phenomena due to interplay among spin, charge, orbital, and lattice degrees of freedom [1,2]. Among the manganites, La 1−x Sr x MnO 3 (LSMO) is a prototypical series showing the largest one-electron bandwidth and accordingly, is less significantly affected by electron-lattice and Coulomb correlation effects [2]. The parent compound LaMnO 3 is an antiferromagnetic (AFM) insulator which becomes, on hole-doping induced by substitution of Sr for La, a ferromagnetic (FM) metal [3] exhibiting colossal magnetoresistance (CMR). The optimal doped compound (x = 0.4) exhibits the highest Curie temperature (T C ) of 360 K among manganites and a half-metallic nature [4]. Further hole-doping induces a magnetic transition, transforming the FM metal to an AFM metal phase for x > 0.5 [5]. In the case of thin films, the critical temperature and resistivity change slightly compared to the bulk materials due to the strain from the substrate, but the qualitative physical properties are similar to the bulk materials, provided the films are at least ∼ 10 unit cells (∼ 30Å) thick [6,7,8,9].In particular, high-quality bulk and thin films of the LSMO series do not exhibit charge order and are also free of micro-and nano-scale phase separation phenomena seen in the La-Ca, Nd-Sr and Pr-Sr manganites [2]. However, ultra thin films of LSMO (i.e. < 30Å or 10 unit cell thickness) are known to show a suppression of metallicity, ferromagnetic T C and magnetization [6,7]. In order to clarify the origin of these unusual physical properties, it is important to investigate the electronic structure of LSMO with a depth sensitive probe. Photoemission spectroscopy (PES) has long played a central role in studying the electronic structure of strongly correlated electron systems including manganese oxides [9,10,11,12,13,14]. Temperature dependent half-metallic ferromagnetism, charge and orbital ordering, and its connection with the electronic structure and colossal magnetoresistance of the manganites have been clarified [11,12,13]. Nevertheless, the change in the Mn 2p spectra of manganese oxides with hole doping is still not...

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“…Details of the apparatus including x-ray optics are described in refs. [9,17,18]. Soft x-ray spectra at the excitation energy of 340, 870 eV were measured at the undulator beamline BL17SU [19] using an electron analyzer, SCIENTA SES-2002.…”

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Recoil effects of photoelectrons in a solid

Takata

Kayanuma²,

Yabashi³

et al. 2007

Phys. Rev. B

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High energy resolution C 1s photoelectron spectra of graphite were measured at the excitation energy of 340, 870, 5950 and 7940eV using synchrotron radiation. On increasing the excitation energy, i.e., increasing kinetic energy of the photoelectron, the bulk origin C 1s peak position shifts to higher binding energies. This systematic shift is due to the kinetic energy loss of the high-energy photoelectron by kicking the atom, and is clear evidence of the recoil effect in photoelectron emission. It is also observed that the asymmetric broadening increases for the higher energy photoelectrons. All these recoil effects can be quantified in the same manner as the Mössbauer effect for γ-ray emission from nuclei embedded in crystals.PACS numbers: 79.60.-i, 79.20.-m, 79.20.-m Photoelectron spectroscopy is widely used for the study of electronic structure of solids [1]. The binding energy E B of the electron is often calculated from the photoelectron kinetic energy using the following equation:where E kin is the measured electron kinetic energy, hν is the photon energy for excitation, and φ is the work function. This procedure overlooked recoil effects, which lead to part of the kinetic energy being imparted to the emitting atom. As a result, the binding energy determined in this way is greater than the true binding energy. This effect is very small for vacuum ultraviolet and soft x-ray photoelectron spectra, so that recoil effects can be safely neglected. For photoelectrons with 1000 eV kinetic energy emitted from carbon atom, the recoil energy is estimated to be only ∼ 45 meV, although Kukk et al. succeeded recently to observe small deviation in spectral shape of vibronic lines in gaseous methane, which have been attributed to a recoil effect [2].The momentum transfer at recoil is a fundamental process observed in experiments of neutron and x-ray scattering [3], high-energy electron backscattering [4,5], etc. For photoelectron emission, Domcke and Cederbaum [6] predicted that the recoil effect can be observed as a spectral modification for gaseous molecules with light atoms. Quite recently, Fujikawa et al. [7] evaluated the amount of shift and broadening of core-level photoelectron spectra, as well as for electron backscattering, due to recoil effect in solids. It is noted that at keV energies, since the momentum of an electron is much larger than that of a photon of the same energy, and the transferred momentum is largely that of the emitted electron, it should be possible to detect recoil effects in photoelectron emission with keV energies.In the last few years, hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy with the excitation energy of 6-8 keV has been realized using high brilliance synchrotron radiation [8,9,10], resulting in useful studies on semiconductors and correlated materials [11,12]. Since the achieved energy resolution is quite good (∆E < 80 meV), it gives us an opportunity to investigate recoil effects in a solid.In this study, we measured the C 1s core level photoelectron spectra of highly oriented p...

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SPring-8 RIKEN beamline III for coherent X-ray optics

Cited by 185 publications

References 11 publications

Trace element mapping of a single cell using a hard x‐ray nanobeam focused by a Kirkpatrick‐Baez mirror system

Trace element mapping of a single cell using a hard x‐ray nanobeam focused by a Kirkpatrick‐Baez mirror system

Nature of the Well Screened State in Hard X-Ray Mn2pCore-Level Photoemission Measurements ofLa1−x
Horiba
¹
,
Taguchi
²
,
Chainani
³

et al. 2004
Phys. Rev. Lett.
Self Cite
148
11
79
1
View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recoil effects of photoelectrons in a solid

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SPring-8 RIKEN beamline III for coherent X-ray optics

Cited by 185 publications

References 11 publications

Trace element mapping of a single cell using a hard x‐ray nanobeam focused by a Kirkpatrick‐Baez mirror system

Trace element mapping of a single cell using a hard x‐ray nanobeam focused by a Kirkpatrick‐Baez mirror system

Nature of the Well Screened State in Hard X-Ray Mn2pCore-Level Photoemission Measurements ofLa1−xHoriba1, Taguchi2, Chainani3 et al. 2004Phys. Rev. Lett.Self Cite14811791View full textAdd to dashboardCite

Recoil effects of photoelectrons in a solid

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Nature of the Well Screened State in Hard X-Ray Mn2pCore-Level Photoemission Measurements ofLa1−x
Horiba
¹
,
Taguchi
²
,
Chainani
³

et al. 2004
Phys. Rev. Lett.
Self Cite
148
11
79
1
View full text Add to dashboard Cite