Spreading-rate dependence of the extent of mantle melting beneath ocean ridges

Niu, Yaoling; Hékinian, Roger

doi:10.1038/385326a0

Cited by 210 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Melt is removed to make oceanic crust and the residue represents oceanic lithospheric mantle [51][52][53][54]. This model for generation of magma and oceanic crust has been accepted as part of plate tectonic theory for a long time [55][56][57][58]. However, whether MORBs represent primitive magma, which is complementary in chemical composition to abyssal peridotites, is still debated.…”

Section: Spinel Recording Mantle Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Os isotopic evidence for a carbonaceous chondritic mantle source for the Nagqu ophiolite from Tibet and its implications

et al. 2012

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Early-crystallizing chromian spinel (Cr-spinel) in the Nagqu ophiolite has high Os and low Re contents, and it is resistant to alteration during serpentinization, weathering and metamorphism. The chemical composition of primitive magma is preserved in Cr-spinel, which makes it suitable for determining the initial Os-isotope composition of the mantle source. This study presents Cr-spinel Os isotopes and zircon U-Pb ages for cumulate dunite and gabbro, respectively, in the same cumulate section of the ophiolite at Nagqu in Tibet. The results shed light on the formation and evolution of lithospheric mantle. The Nagqu ophiolite is located in the central part of the Bangong-Nujiang suture zone. It is a remnant of the Neotethyan oceanic crust, and contains cumulate dunite and gabbro. Zircon from the gabbro yielded a weighted mean 206 Pb/ 238 U age of 183.7±1 Ma. Cr-spinel exhibits  Os values of 0.2 to 0.3, suggesting that the mantle source for the dunite is similar to that of carbonaceous chondrites. Thus, the Tibetan lithosphere is primarily a relic of Tethyan oceanic lithosphere, which has formed by the transformation of the normal asthenospheric mantle in the Mesozoic. This is the first study to combine the spinel Os isotopes with accurate zircon U-Pb ages to constrain the geochemical characteristics of the mantle source for the ophiolite.Re-Os isotopes, spinel, ophiolite, Nagqu, Tibet Citation:Huang Q S, Shi R D, Liu D L, et al. Os isotopic evidence for a carbonaceous chondritic mantle source for the Nagqu ophiolite from Tibet and its implications. Chin Sci Bull, 2013, 58: 9298,

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Section: Spinel Recording Mantle Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Os isotopic evidence for a carbonaceous chondritic mantle source for the Nagqu ophiolite from Tibet and its implications

et al. 2012

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“…The initial depth of melting is dependent on mantle temperature; the higher the mantle temperature is, the greater the melting depth ( Figure 3(c),(d)). The final depth of melting is controlled by the thickness of the lithosphere [15,18]. Like a "cap" over the asthenosphere, the rigid lithosphere prevents magma from further upwelling.…”

Section: Using Volcanic Rocks To Constrain Lithosphere Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, these chronological data and the size of the ocean basin can be used to estimate the ridge spreading rate. It has been demonstrated that MORB composition is dependent on the rate of ridge spreading [18], so the composition can be used to estimate this rate.…”

Section: Spreading History Of the South China Seamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…OIB results from partial melting of the convective mantle, and its composition is dependent upon a number of parameters, such as source characteristics, melting degree, mantle potential temperature, and lithospheric thickness. If the relative contribution of these factors can be deciphered, the basalt composition can be used to infer the evolution of the deep mantle/lithosphere at a given region [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. In fact, abundant seamounts in the SCS provide a good opportunity to investigate the formation and evolution of the SCS.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Opening and evolution of the South China Sea constrained by studies on volcanic rocks: Preliminary results and a research design

et al. 2011

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The South China Sea (SCS) is characterized by abundant seamounts, which provide important information about the evolution of the SCS and related deep processes. Cenozoic volcanism in the SCS and its surroundings comprises three stages relative to the spreading of the SCS: pre-spreading (>32 Ma), syn-spreading (32-16 Ma), and post-spreading (<16 Ma). The pre-spreading magmatism predominantly occurs on the northern margin of the SCS and in South China coastal areas and shows a bi-modal affinity. The syn-spreading magmatic activity was very limited on the periphery of the SCS, but may be concentrated in the SCS. However, seafloor samples of this stage are not available yet because of overlying thick sedimentary deposits. Post-spreading magmatism is widespread in the central and southwest sub-basins of the SCS, Hainan Island, Leizhou Peninsula, Thailand, and Vietnam. These are mainly alkali basalts with subordinate tholeiites, and display OIB-type geochemical characteristics. The Dupal isotope anomaly and presence of high-magnesian olivine phenocrysts suggests their possible derivation from the Hainan mantle plume. The temporal and spatial distribution of Cenozoic volcanism in the SCS and its surroundings may be accounted for either by plate stress re-organization before and after SCS spreading, or by ridge suction of plume flow during opening of the SCS. If the latter is the case, the volcanic rocks within the SCS basin may not be typical mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORB). It remains puzzling, however, that the transition between the South China continental margin and the SCS basin does not have features typical of a volcanic rifted margin. Clearly, the relationship between mantle plume and SCS opening needs further evaluation. A better understanding of the link between deep processes and opening of the SCS not only requires enhanced studies on igneous petrogenesis, but also is heavily dependent on systematic sampling of seafloor rocks.

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“…It should be realized that this study, coupled with previous results, confirms a wide exposure of relatively depleted peridotites on the ocean floor in the studied region. Niu and Hékinian (1997) reported a correlation between ridge spreading rate and the degree of partial melting in abyssal peridotites, i.e., the idea that the extent of mantle melting beneath normal ocean ridges increases with increasing spreading rate. The studied peridotites are plotted between those from fast-spreading ridges and slow-spreading ridges except for hotspot related areas (Fig.…”

Section: The Primary Features Of Peridotites: Implications For the Fomentioning

confidence: 99%

Petrology of Peridotites and Related Gabbroic Rocks Around the Kairei Hydrothermal Field in the Central Indian Ridge

Morishita

Nakamura

Shibuya

et al. 2014

Subseafloor Biosphere Linked to Hydrothermal Systems

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Peridotites and related gabbroic rocks are widely exposed in the Central Indian Ridge, where the H 2 -rich-fluid-bearing Kairei hydrothermal field exists. We report on petrological and mineralogical characteristics of peridotites and gabbroic rocks recovered from an oceanic core complex at a latitude of 25 South (25 S OCC) and the Yokoniwa Rise around the Kairei hydrothermal field. Gabbros recovered from the 25 S OCC show a wide range of variations in terms of mineral chemistry and mineral assemblages (olivine-gabbro, gabbronorite to highly evolved oxide gabbro) and are similar to those from the Atlantis Bank of the Southwest Indian Ridge, an ultraslow-spreading ocean ridge. Peridotites recovered from 25 S OCC and the Yokoniwa Rise are generally characterized by moderately to highly depleted melt components. The partial melting of these peridotites is followed by chemical modification through interaction with a wide range of melts from relatively less evolved to highly evolved characteristics. Moderately to highly depleted melt components in the studied peridotites can be explained as being either residue after a relatively high-melt productivity period in intermediate-spreading ridges or a geochemically distinctive domain which has suffered from partial melting in the past rather than partial melting beneath the present mid-ocean ridge systems.

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Spreading-rate dependence of the extent of mantle melting beneath ocean ridges

Cited by 210 publications

References 40 publications

Os isotopic evidence for a carbonaceous chondritic mantle source for the Nagqu ophiolite from Tibet and its implications

Os isotopic evidence for a carbonaceous chondritic mantle source for the Nagqu ophiolite from Tibet and its implications

Opening and evolution of the South China Sea constrained by studies on volcanic rocks: Preliminary results and a research design

Petrology of Peridotites and Related Gabbroic Rocks Around the Kairei Hydrothermal Field in the Central Indian Ridge

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