Spreading depression: Effects of applying potassium chloride to the dura of the rabbit on the conditioned nictitating membrane response

Papsdorf, James D.; Longman, D.A.; Gormezano, I.

doi:10.3758/bf03343362

Cited by 21 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A number of brain regions are involved even in a "simple" conditioned response (CR). In NM and eyelid conditioning, both the neocortex (Megirian & Bures, 1970;Papsdorf, Longman, & Gormezano, 1965) and the hippocampus (Thompson, Berger, Berry, Hoehler, Kettner, & Weisz, 1980) normally play important roles. In the case of the hippocampus, this is particularly so when greater demands are placed on the memory system, as in trace conditioning or latent inhibition (Solomon & Moore, 1975;Weisz, Solomon, & Thompson, Note 1).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The engram found? Role of the cerebellum in classical conditioning of nictitating membrane and eyelid responses

McCormick

Lavond

Clark

et al. 1981

Bull. Psychon. Soc.

270

107

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The engram found? Role of the cerebellum in classical conditioning of nictitating membrane and eyelid responses

McCormick

Lavond

Clark

et al. 1981

Bull. Psychon. Soc.

270

107

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Thus, spreading depression of the contralateral face area of the motor cortex of the rabbit reversibly abolishes the standard short-delay CR-a powerful effect on memory retrieval (Megirian & Bures, 1970;Papsdorf, Longman, & Gormezano, 1965). Neuronal activity in the hippocampus becomes massively engaged early in training and invariably and accurately predicts the subsequent development of behavioral learning over a wide range of conditions (Thompson, Berger, Berry, Hoehler, Kettner, & Weisz, 1980).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of ipsilateral rostral pontine reticular lesions on retention of classically conditioned nictitating membrane and eyelid responses

et al. 1981

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Eyelid [and nictitating membrane (NM)] conditioning is perhaps the most widely used paradigm for the study ofbasic properties of classical or Pavlovian conditioning of striated muscle responses in both humans and animals (9)(10)(11)(12). Even in this seemingly simple paradigm, higher regions of the brain appear to play important roles (13)(14)(15)(16). However, animals from which the cerebral neocortex or hippocampus has been removed are able to learn the standard delay conditioned response (14,17) as indeed are animals from which all brain tissue above the level ofthe thalamus or midbrain has been removed (18,19).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Initial localization of the memory trace for a basic form of learning.

McCormick¹,

Clark²,

Lavond³

et al. 1982

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

291

170

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Electrophysiological recording of neuronal unit activity during paired training trials from various regions of the ipsilateral cerebellum in rabbits well trained in the classically conditioned eyelid/nictitating membrane response have revealed both stimulus-evoked responses and responses that form an amplitude/temporal model of the learned behavioral response. Ablation of the ipsilateral, lateral cerebellum completely and permanently abolished the behavioral conditioned response in welltrained animals but had no effect at all on the unconditioned reflex response. In marked contrast, conditioned responses were easily trained in the eye contralateral to the cerebellar lesion. We suggest that at least part of the essential neuronal plasticity that codes the learned response may be localized to the cerebellum.Localization of the memory trace-the circuitry that contains the essential neuronal plasticity coding learning and memory-has proved to be a baffling problem (1, 2). Many regions of the mammalian brain appear to play roles in learning and memory, particularly in relatively complex tasks (3, 4), and certain regions are capable of physiological and anatomical modification as a result ofexperience (5-8). However, it has not yet been possible to localize the memory trace for even very simple forms of associative learning. Evidence is described here indicating that the cerebellum may be the locus ofthe memory trace for a basic form of associative learning.Eyelid [and nictitating membrane (NM)] conditioning is perhaps the most widely used paradigm for the study ofbasic properties of classical or Pavlovian conditioning of striated muscle responses in both humans and animals (9-12). Even in this seemingly simple paradigm, higher regions of the brain appear to play important roles (13-16). However, animals from which the cerebral neocortex or hippocampus has been removed are able to learn the standard delay conditioned response (14, 17) as indeed are animals from which all brain tissue above the level ofthe thalamus or midbrain has been removed (18,19). It would seem that the "primary" memory trace for classical conditioning of the eyelid and NM responses is localized below the level of the thalamus. Recent preliminary observations in our laboratory have implicated the cerebellum (20, 21). We report here the results of experiments indicating that the cerebellum is an essential component of the memory system for this basic form of learning. METHODSStandard procedures for classical conditioning of the rabbit NM and eyelid response were used (15, 22): an acoustic conditioned stimulus for 350 msec, coterminating with a 100-msec corneal air-puff unconditioned stimulus, an intertrial interval of ""60 sec, and 120 trials per day. Extension of the NM was measured with a micropotentiometer and eyelid closure was also monitored; they behave essentially identically (23) and all effects reported here occur equivalently for both responses.All animals were trained to a criterion of eight conditioned responses in any nine con...

show abstract

Spreading depression: Effects of applying potassium chloride to the dura of the rabbit on the conditioned nictitating membrane response

Cited by 21 publications

References 7 publications

The engram found? Role of the cerebellum in classical conditioning of nictitating membrane and eyelid responses

The engram found? Role of the cerebellum in classical conditioning of nictitating membrane and eyelid responses

Effects of ipsilateral rostral pontine reticular lesions on retention of classically conditioned nictitating membrane and eyelid responses

Initial localization of the memory trace for a basic form of learning.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About