Spread of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus in Sicily: Partial Displacement of Another Geminivirus Originally Present

Davino, Salvatore; Napoli, Chiara; Davino, M.; Accotto, Gian Paolo

doi:10.1007/s10658-005-5805-5

Cited by 43 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…In this case, the lowest level of infection was observed in ZYMV, CMV and ZLCV (Table 1). In general, virus predominance has been associated with various factors, indicating an important ecological role in the virus maintenance in the crop system (Sánchez et al 1999;Davino et al 2006;Gomez et al 2009). Several studies have reported differences in the interactions between virus in the laboratory and field conditions associated with the host plant and interaction with the insect vector (Gal-on and Shiboleth 2006).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological Identification of Virus in Watermelon Production Fields in the Tocantins State

Aguiar

Rodrigues

Portella

et al. 2015

Braz. arch. biol. technol.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological Identification of Virus in Watermelon Production Fields in the Tocantins State

Aguiar

Rodrigues

Portella

et al. 2015

Braz. arch. biol. technol.

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“…Most notably, we observed that these geminiviruses evolve as rapidly as some RNA viruses. Also of note was that the mild phenotype of TYLCV appears to have evolved only once from severe TYLCV (13,21,36,43,52,57,88) and within the last 35 years has spread to places as distant as Japan (88), Reunion Island (15), and Venezuela (94). While there have been few estimates of substitution rates in plant viruses, there is some evidence that plant RNA viruses are more genetically stable than animal RNA viruses, leading to lower rates of evolution (24,27,28) attributable to a lack of immune selection on plant viruses (27).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic Evidence for Rapid Rates of Molecular Evolution in the Single-Stranded DNA Begomovirus Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus

Duffy

Holmes

2008

J Virol

252

186

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Geminiviruses are devastating viruses of plants that possess single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) DNA genomes. Despite the importance of this class of phytopathogen, there have been no estimates of the rate of nucleotide substitution in the geminiviruses. We report here the evolutionary rate of the tomato yellow leaf curl diseasecausing viruses, an intensively studied group of monopartite begomoviruses. Sequences from GenBank, isolated from diseased plants between 1988 and 2006, were analyzed using Bayesian coalescent methods. The mean genomic substitution rate was estimated to be 2.88 ؋ 10 ؊4 nucleotide substitutions per site per year (subs/site/year), although this rate could be confounded by frequent recombination within Tomato yellow leaf curl virus genomes. A recombinant-free data set comprising the coat protein (V1) gene in isolation yielded a similar mean rate (4.63 ؋ 10 ؊4 subs/site/year), validating the order of magnitude of genomic substitution rate for protein-coding regions. The intergenic region, which is known to be more variable, was found to evolve even more rapidly, with a mean substitution rate of ϳ1.56 ؋ 10 ؊3 subs/site/year. Notably, these substitution rates, the first reported for a plant DNA virus, are in line with those estimated previously for mammalian ssDNA viruses and RNA viruses. Our results therefore suggest that the high evolutionary rate of the geminiviruses is not primarily due to frequent recombination and may explain their ability to emerge in novel hosts.While most research on plant virus evolution has concentrated on RNA viruses (27, 73), the biggest emerging threat to crops worldwide are the single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) geminiviruses, especially those of the dicot-infecting, whitefly-transmitted Begomoviridae (47, 78). One reason for the emphasis on plant RNA viruses has been the desire to assess the extent and structure of genetic variation created by their use of errorprone RNA polymerase, which in turn is necessary to understand their molecular epidemiology (54) and which can complicate the creation of resistant crop lines (35). However, multiple genera of geminiviruses also display high levels of within-host genetic variation (37,74,84), suggesting that plant ssDNA viruses might exhibit genetic diversity similar to that seen in plant RNA viruses, even though they utilize host DNA polymerases (8). More recently, a controlled experimental study on within-host variability of the begomovirus Tomato yellow leaf curl China virus found an average mutation frequency of 3.5 ϫ 10 Ϫ4 per base in 60 days of infection on a tobacco plant (30), a value similar to those found in plant RNA viruses (76, 77). Together, these results imply that the mutation rate (and, by extension, long-term rates of nucleotide [nt] substitution) of the geminiviruses might be more similar to those of plant RNA viruses (as high as ϳ10 Ϫ5 nt/generation) (37,46,60) or to the ssDNA bacteriophage X174 (ϳ7 ϫ 10 Ϫ6 nt/generation) (70) than to double-stranded DNA viruses (ϳ10 Ϫ8 nt/generation) (17). The idea that ssDNA viruse...

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“…However, competition is not the only outcome of co-occurrence. Depending on the nature of the interactions between individuals (antagonism, neutrality or synergism), co-occurrence can lead to competitive exclusion but also to coexistence, and even to the emergence of new recombinant genomes [7][8][9]. Indeed, each population may modify the fitness landscape of the other populations, affecting them in a frequencydependent manner [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency-dependent assistance as a way out of competitive exclusion between two strains of an emerging virus

et al. 2014

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Biological invasions are the main causes of emerging viral diseases and they favour the co-occurrence of multiple species or strains in the same environment. Depending on the nature of the interaction, co-occurrence can lead to competitive exclusion or coexistence. The successive fortuitous introductions of two strains of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV-Mld and TYLCV-IL) in Réunion Island provided an ideal opportunity to study the invasion of, and competition between, these worldwide emerging pathogens. During a 7-year field survey, we observed a displacement of the resident TYLCV-Mld by the newcomer TYLCV-IL, with TYLCV-Mld remaining mostly in co-infected plants. To understand the factors associated with this partial displacement, biological traits related to fitness were measured. The better ecological aptitude of TYLCV-IL in single infections was demonstrated, which explains its rapid spread. However, we demonstrate that the relative fitness of virus strains can drastically change between single infections and co-infections. An epidemiological model parametrized with our experimental data predicts that the two strains will coexist in the long run through assistance by the fitter strain. This rare case of unilateral facilitation between two pathogens leads to frequency-dependent selection and maintenance of the less fit strain.

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Spread of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus in Sicily: Partial Displacement of Another Geminivirus Originally Present

Cited by 43 publications

References 16 publications

Serological Identification of Virus in Watermelon Production Fields in the Tocantins State

Serological Identification of Virus in Watermelon Production Fields in the Tocantins State

Phylogenetic Evidence for Rapid Rates of Molecular Evolution in the Single-Stranded DNA Begomovirus Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus

Frequency-dependent assistance as a way out of competitive exclusion between two strains of an emerging virus

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