Spray Structures of Liquid Jets Atomized in Subsonic Crossflows

Wu, Pei-Kuan; Kirkendall, Kevin A.; Fuller, Raymond P.; Nejad, A. S.

doi:10.2514/2.5283

Cited by 150 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…, which is consistent with the great number of experimental studies devoted to jet atomisation in cross flow (Oda et al 1994;Inamura and Nagai 1997;Wu et al 1998). Such studies have been conducted for injectors of smaller size, many of which consider fuel jets and mixing of liquid propellants in the combustion process.…”

Section: Drop Pattern Sizesupporting

confidence: 60%

Air tanker drop patterns

Legendre

Becker²,

Alméras

et al. 2014

Int. J. Wildland Fire

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OATAO is an open access repository that collects the work of Toulouse researchers and makes it freely available over the web where possible. Abstract. Ground patterns of liquid aerial drops for combating wildfires are considered. Based on a significant number of drop tests performed using different airplanes and helicopters, a simple model for the length, the width and the coverage distribution is presented. At first order both the length and the width of the drop pattern can be described using simple relations despite the significant difference between the conditions of the drop tests considered. These relations include factors that can be manipulated during aircraft and release system design, as well as during aerial firefighting operations. The liquid on the ground follows a Gaussian distribution that makes possible an original prediction of the maximum coverage level on the pattern centreline confirmed by the experiments. The difference between gravity systems and recent pressurised systems is also discussed. We show a clear difference between gravity systems and pressurised systems. The width is larger for pressurised systems, resulting in a smaller coverage for the same condition of drop.

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Section: Drop Pattern Sizesupporting

confidence: 60%

Air tanker drop patterns

Legendre

Becker²,

Alméras

et al. 2014

Int. J. Wildland Fire

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“…For such issue, a lot of empirical correlations have been developed by many researchers to predict the liquid column trajectory, breakup distance , and height , for various flow conditions [9,10]. The main parameter governing the phenomenon is the liquid to gas momentum ratio (3) while the crossflow Weber number, (4), is the parameter that controls the breakup regime […”

Section: Operating Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation of Oil Jet Lubrication for High Speed Gears

Fondelli

Andreini

Soghe³

et al. 2015

International Journal of Aerospace Engineering

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The Geared Turbofan technology is one of the most promising engine configurations to significantly reduce the specific fuel consumption. In this architecture, a power epicyclical gearbox is interposed between the fan and the low pressure spool. Thanks to the gearbox, fan and low pressure spool can turn at different speed, leading to higher engine bypass ratio. Therefore the gearbox efficiency becomes a key parameter for such technology. Further improvement of efficiency can be achieved developing a physical understanding of fluid dynamic losses within the transmission system. These losses are mainly related to viscous effects and they are directly connected to the lubrication method. In this work, the oil injection losses have been studied by means of CFD simulations. A numerical study of a single oil jet impinging on a single high speed gear has been carried out using the VOF method. The aim of this analysis is to evaluate the resistant torque due to the oil jet lubrication, correlating the torque data with the oil-gear interaction phases. URANS calculations have been performed using an adaptive meshing approach, as a way of significantly reducing the simulation costs. A global sensitivity analysis of adopted models has been carried out and a numerical setup has been defined.

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“…The current model was applied to a simulation of an experiment by Wu et al [4,5], which consisted of a liquid jet injected into a turbulent crossflow of gas at low Mach number. Measurements of mass flux, particle velocity, and particle size were made along the spray centerline 300 nozzle diameters downstream of the injection point.…”

Section: Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of a stochastic droplet breakup model applied to a liquid jet in turbulent crossflow

Blanchard

Shi²

2012

Advances in Fluid Mechanics IX

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Coal gasification technology has the potential to reduce the environmental impact of coal power by enabling technologies like integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) and carbon capture for sequestration (CCS) for power generation. Numerical simulations of the various components of a coal gasification plant using validated CFD models enables faster configuration improvement cycles and thereby increased component performance, reliability, and overall cycle efficiency. Many such computations require the simulation of turbulent, multi-phase flows where the atomization and agglomeration of liquids play a critical role in plant processes. This paper focuses on the development and validation of a stochastic droplet breakup and agglomeration model for use in a steady-state RANS simulation of a liquid jet in a turbulent cross-flow. The models aim to accurately predict the trajectories and sizes of liquid droplets without incurring the computational cost of more expensive methodologies such as LES or VOF which are currently too computationally intensive to be used in the design cycle. The model builds on similar models proposed by Apte and Kuan by proposing a new probability density function (PDF) for the break-up process and adapting the methodology to a steady-state framework. The model is then validated against measurements made by Wu. The model shows good qualitative and quantitative agreement with measurement of the downstream mass flux distribution of the liquid droplets. An agglomeration model is added to the simulation which improves the agreement between predicted and measured Sauter-mean diameter (SMD) of the liquid droplets downstream of the initial atomization region.

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Spray Structures of Liquid Jets Atomized in Subsonic Crossflows

Cited by 150 publications

References 17 publications

Air tanker drop patterns

Air tanker drop patterns

Numerical Simulation of Oil Jet Lubrication for High Speed Gears

Validation of a stochastic droplet breakup model applied to a liquid jet in turbulent crossflow

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