2017
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.05.029
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Spray pesticide applications in Mediterranean citrus orchards: Canopy deposition and off-target losses

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Cited by 75 publications
(56 citation statements)
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References 31 publications
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“…(a)–(c)). The sum TCRs of shoots and leaves comprised almost 100% of the TCRs of the whole tree, and this was consistent with previous studies . The initial TCRs of the three NIs in the shoots were 52.6% for imidacloprid, 48.6% for acetamiprid, and 63.4% for thiamethoxam.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 91%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…(a)–(c)). The sum TCRs of shoots and leaves comprised almost 100% of the TCRs of the whole tree, and this was consistent with previous studies . The initial TCRs of the three NIs in the shoots were 52.6% for imidacloprid, 48.6% for acetamiprid, and 63.4% for thiamethoxam.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 91%
“…and the ground under different scenarios, such as different sprayer types, application methods, fruit tree conditions, and weather conditions under open orchard conditions or in indoor artificial orchards . Studies have shown that most of the pesticides will be lost to the environment in the orchard after spray treatment, and using spray treatment only 29–56% of the pesticide reached the canopy and less than 0.4% reached the target pests . Therefore, when using spray treatments, a considerable proportion of the pesticide is wasted, and there is potential to use pesticides more efficiently.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…On the other hand, even under good agricultural practices, only 45% of the spray volume is deposited in target trees while the rest is deposited in adjacent trees or lost in the ground and the atmosphere as a result of drift, evaporation and/or runoff [11]. Therefore, the use of these high volume rates may increase the risk of run-off and drift.…”
Section: Of 24mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Los equipos habitualmente empleados en estas aplicaciones son pulverizadores hidráulicos asistidos por aire, comúnmente conocidos como turboatomizadores. En estos equipos más del 50 % del caldo pulverizado se puede perder al suelo o la atmósfera como resultado de la deriva, evaporación, escorrentía y/o lavado de los productos [1].…”
Section: Introductionunclassified
“…En este X CONGRESO IBÉRICO DE AGROINGENIERÍA X CONGRESSO IBÉRICO DE AGROENGENHARIA 3 -6 septiembre 2019, Huesca -España sentido el IVIA ha desarrollado para cítricos "CitrusVol", una herramienta informática de soporte de decisión al técnico o agricultor para calcular el volumen de caldo de la aplicación con turboatomizador ajustado a las características de la vegetación objetivo (volumen de copa, marco de plantación, densidad foliar y nivel de poda), al tipo de plaga o enfermedad, y al tipo de producto fitosanitario [2]. Esta herramienta se basa en datos científicos obtenidos anteriormente con respecto al depósito mínimo requerido para lograr la máxima eficacia, la eficiencia de la aplicación con turboatomizadores en parcelas de cítricos y la caracterización del cultivo [1,[3][4][5][6]. Esta herramienta está disponible gratuitamente en la página web de Gestión Integrada de Plagas de cítricos del IVIA (http://gipcitricos.ivia.es/) y en la aplicación para iOS y Android "Gipcitricos IVIA".…”
Section: Introductionunclassified