Spray in the atmospheric surface layer: Review and analysis of laboratory and oceanic results

Wu, Jin

doi:10.1029/jc084ic04p01693

Cited by 62 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Wu (1979) for a review). Comprehensive experiments were recently made by Koga and Toba (1981) and Koga (1984), who determined both fluxes and trajectories of particles in a windtunnel with different techniques.…”

Section: Tellus 38b (1986) Imentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Slinn, 1983 for a review). It has been recognized, however, that for a better description of particle transport, measurements of the vertical distributions of particle concentrations to close above the sea surface are required (Wu, 1979;Fairall and Larsen, 1984 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of particular interest for studies on particle transport phenomena is the near-surface layer (Wu, 1979). Freshly produced particles are ejected to heights limited to less than 20 cm (Blanchard and Woodcock, 1957;Blanchard, 1983), so external upward forces are required for transport from the surface into the mixing layer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vertical profiles of giant particles close above the sea surface

Leeuw¹

1986

Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology

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Size distributions of giant sea-spray particles (I 0-100 µm diameter) were measured in the North Atlantic with an impaction method, at heights of 0.2, 0.5, I, 2. 4, 6 and 11 m above instantaneous sea level. The vertical distributions of the particle concentrations show as characteristic features a minimum at 0.5 mat low winds, and at higher winds a maximum at 1-2 m. The windspeed dependence of particle concentrations is a function of both particle diameter and height above sea level. The results are explained by a qualitative model based on literature data on the production of sea-spray particles and on turbulent wind structure over water waves.

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Section: Tellus 38b (1986) Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vertical profiles of giant particles close above the sea surface

Leeuw¹

1986

Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology

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“…Observations indicate that bubble-generated droplets tend to be injected upwards. The height of injection is under 0.2 m (Wu 1979). Therefore, the bubble-generated droplets are confined to a thin layer near the surface.…”

Section: Governing Equationsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effect of Ocean Spray on Vertical Momentum Transport Under High-Wind Conditions

Rastigejev

Suslov

Lin

2011

Boundary-Layer Meteorol

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Two mathematical models are proposed detailing the influence of ocean spray on vertical momentum transport under high-wind conditions associated with a hurricane or severe storm. The first model is based on a turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) equation and accounts for the so-called lubrication effect due to the reduction of turbulence intensity. The second model is based on Monin-Obukhov similarity (MOS) and uses available experimental data. It is demonstrated that the flow acceleration is negligible for wind speeds below a certain critical value due to the fact that the spray volume concentration is low for such speeds. For wind speeds higher than the critical value, the spray concentration rapidly increases, which results in significant flow acceleration. Both models produce qualitatively similar results for all turbulent flow parameters considered. It was found that the MOS-based model tends to predict a noticeably stronger lubrication effect than the TKE-based model, especially for lower wind speeds. The results of model calculations are in very good agreement with available experimental data for the spray production values near the upper bound. It is also shown that neither the value of the turbulent Schmidt number in the TKE-based model nor the choice of a stability profile function affects the spray-laden flow dynamics significantly.

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“…But, the contribution of the atmospheric dissolution of such species through vapour pressure equilibrium or surface adsorption and bubbling has been rarely considered in atmospheric pollution mechanisms [2][3][4]. However, in the vicinity of wrecked tankers with huge amounts of oil progressively leaking from their tanks and dissolving in the seawater, the passing of hydrocarbons from water to the atmosphere through surface mechanisms is worth being taken into account.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption and Wetting Mechanisms at the Surface of Aqueous Hydrocarbon Solutions as a Possible Source of Atmospheric Pollution

Sadiki¹,

Quentel²,

Elléouet³

et al. 2006

Oil & Gas Science and Technology - Rev. IFP

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Résumé -Mécanismes d'adsorption et de mouillage à la surface de solutions aqueuses d'hydrocarbures comme source possible de pollution atmosphérique -Les solutions d'hydrocarbures ne sont pas très souvent étudiées. Cependant, leur comportement est impliqué dans de nombreux mécanismes, en particulier les mécanismes environnementaux. Dans le présent article, nous présentons la synthèse de plusieurs travaux ayant trait au comportement superficiel, en particulier d'adsorption, de solutions non saturées de benzène et de cyclohexane. Il y est mis en évidence la coadsorption de nitrate de plomb, bien que celui-ci, en l'absence de molécules organiques dans la surface, ne s'adsorbe pas du tout. Ces données ont été obtenues essentiellement au moyen d'une technique rarement utilisée, la colonne à bulles, brièvement décrite ci-dessous. Celle-ci, en dépit des contraintes de sa mise en oeuvre, s'est révélée très utile dans l'étude de ces composés faiblement adsorbables, et peu actifs sur la tension de surface. L'étude des mélanges se fait directement, sans avoir à utiliser de modèle, ce qui est précieux pour des études environnementales. Les résultats obtenus établissent de façon convaincante que des mécanismes, tels que le pétillement, joints à la coadsorption, peuvent entraîner le passage de composés nocifs pour l'environnement, peu solubles, peu actifs sur la surface quand ils sont isolés, depuis l'eau jusque dans l'atmosphère. Abstract -Adsorption and Wetting Mechanisms at the Surface of Aqueous Hydrocarbon Solutions as a Possible Source of Atmospheric Pollution

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Spray in the atmospheric surface layer: Review and analysis of laboratory and oceanic results

Cited by 62 publications

References 19 publications

Vertical profiles of giant particles close above the sea surface

Vertical profiles of giant particles close above the sea surface

Effect of Ocean Spray on Vertical Momentum Transport Under High-Wind Conditions

Adsorption and Wetting Mechanisms at the Surface of Aqueous Hydrocarbon Solutions as a Possible Source of Atmospheric Pollution

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