Spray dynamics of synthetic dimethyl carbonate and its blends with gasoline

Huang, Weidi; Pratama, Raditya Hendra; Oguma, Mitsuharu; Kinoshita, Koichi; Takeda, Yoshinaka; Suzuki, Shunsuke

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2023.127696

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Notably, bionaphtha, characterized by the lowest density, exhibited the lowest Cd, whereas DMC, possessing the highest density, demonstrated the highest Cd. This observed trend aligns with prior research, underscoring that higher fuel density can enhance flow discharging area by mitigating flow separation within the nozzle orifice [31]. Furthermore, Figure 5b showcases the net calorific values of ethanol and DMC, approximating half and one-third of gasoline, respectively.…”

Section: Mass Flow Ratesupporting

confidence: 88%

Investigating Spray Characteristics of Synthetic Fuels: Comparative Analysis with Gasoline

Huang,

Oguma,

Koichi

et al. 2024

IJAMM

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Article Investigating Spray Characteristics of Synthetic Fuels: Comparative Analysis with Gasoline Weidi Huang 1,2, Mitsuharu Oguma 2, Koichi Kinoshita 2, * , Yohko Abe 2, and Kotaro Tanaka 1,3 1 Carbon Recycling Energy Research Centre, Ibaraki University, 4-12-1 Nakanarusawa, Hitachi 316-8511, Japan 2 Research Institute for Energy Conservation, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Namiki 1-2-1, Tsukuba 305-8564, Japan 3 Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, 4-12-1 Nakanarusawa, Hitachi 316-8511, Japan * Correspondence: koichi-kinoshita@aist.go.jp Received: 13 March 2024; Revised: 22 May 2024; Accepted: 31 May 2024; Published: 5 June 2024 Abstract: Studying synthetic fuels is imperative due to their potential to offer sustainable alternatives to conventional fossil fuels, thereby addressing environmental concerns, enhancing energy security, and facilitating the transition to cleaner and more efficient transportation systems. This study presents an experiment analysis concentrating on spray characteristics of five types of synthetic fuels (bio-naphtha, EtG, G40, bio-ethanol, and DMC) in a comparison with gasoline. The experiment was conducted ranging from non-evaporated conditions to evaporated conditions, to thoroughly assess the spray behavior of the tested fuels. Results showed that EtG and G40 share similar properties with conventional gasoline. The discharge coefficient (Cd) was found to increase closely linearly with the square root of fuel density. Under non-evaporated condition (Ta = 25 °C), except for DMC, the spray tip penetration of other fuels deviates within ±5% compared to gasoline. Under evaporated condition (Ta = 200 °C), EtG maintains a spray tip penetration within ±5% of gasoline, while bio-naphtha, G40, and DMC fall within ±10% of gasoline. Notably, bio-ethanol shows a 12% higher penetration compared to gasoline, likely due to its slower evaporation and higher latent heat of vaporization.

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Section: Mass Flow Ratesupporting

confidence: 88%

Investigating Spray Characteristics of Synthetic Fuels: Comparative Analysis with Gasoline

Huang,

Oguma,

Koichi

et al. 2024

IJAMM

Self Cite

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“…Fuel density plays a crucial role in spray characteristics and subsequent combustion processes in internal combustion engines (ICEs). Higher fuel density typically leads to a narrower spray cone angle [36], the formation of larger droplets [37], longer ignition delays, and slower flame speeds [38].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on Fuel Properties of Synthetic Gasoline-like Fuels

Huang,

Koichi,

Yohko

et al. 2024

IJAMM

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Article Investigation on Fuel Properties of Synthetic Gasoline-like Fuels Weidi Huang 1,2, Koichi Kinoshita 1,*, Yohko Abe 1, Mitsuharu Oguma 1, and Kotaro Tanaka 2,3 1 Research Institute for Energy Conservation, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-2-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8564, Japan 2 Carbon Recycling Energy Research Centre, Ibaraki University, 4-12-1 Nakanarusawa, Hitachi, Ibaraki 316-8511, Japan 3 Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, 4-12-1 Nakanarusawa, Hitachi, Ibaraki 316-8511, Japan * Correspondence: koichi-kinoshita@aist.go.jp Received: 8 November 2023 Accepted: 25 March 2024 Published: 27 March 2024 Abstract: Synthetic fuels have gained considerable attention due to their promising characteristics. A comprehensive survey was undertaken to assess the availability of synthetic fuels in the global market, followed by an investigation to evaluate their potential in engines. This report presents the initial findings regarding the physical and chemical properties of synthetic gasoline-like fuels, specifically DMC (dimethyl carbonate), bioethanol, EtG (ethanol-to-gasoline), G40, and bio-naphtha. A comparison was conducted between these synthetic fuels and conventional gasoline. Furthermore, discussions were provided to enhance the understanding of the potential influence of fuel properties on spray and combustion characteristics. EtG and G40 are specifically designed to emulate conventional gasoline. Results indicate that EtG and gasoline should be directly interchangeable in the engine or blended in any proportion because they have almost identical Research Octane Number (RON)/Motor Octane Number (MON), fuel density, and higher heating value (HHV). G40 has a higher RON (105) compared with that of gasoline (92.2), likely resulting from the high content of iso-paraffin in G40. Bio-naphtha exhibits the high fraction of paraffin and naphthene content relative to other fuels. The feature of chemical compositions results in a lower RON (55.9), lower HHV and smaller fuel density compared to other fuels. DMC and bioethanol blends in gasoline were investigated. Regardless of whether DMC or bioethanol is incorporated, under a 60% blend ratio, gasoline distillation accelerates initially, until DMC or bioethanol completely evaporates, after which gasoline distillation returns to its normal rate. With increasing the volumetric fraction of the ethanol in the blends, either chemical compositions or the RON/HHV basically change linearly.

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“…Dimethyl carbonate (DMC) is a green chemical with low toxicity and easy degradability, [1][2][3] which has extensive applications in the fields of pharmaceuticals, coatings, and lithium-ion battery electrolytes. 4,5 Currently, the main techniques used for synthesizing DMC include methanol phosgenation, 6 oxidative carbonylation of methanol, 7 tranesterification, 8 urea alcoholysis, 9,10 direct synthesis from carbon dioxide, [11][12][13] and decarbonylation of dimethyl oxalate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decarbonylation of dimethyl oxalate to dimethyl carbonate over Cs₂CO₃/HZSM-5

Jv,

Li,

et al. 2024

New J. Chem.

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Spray dynamics of synthetic dimethyl carbonate and its blends with gasoline

Cited by 6 publications

References 45 publications

Investigating Spray Characteristics of Synthetic Fuels: Comparative Analysis with Gasoline

Investigating Spray Characteristics of Synthetic Fuels: Comparative Analysis with Gasoline

Investigation on Fuel Properties of Synthetic Gasoline-like Fuels

Decarbonylation of dimethyl oxalate to dimethyl carbonate over Cs₂CO₃/HZSM-5

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Spray dynamics of synthetic dimethyl carbonate and its blends with gasoline

Cited by 6 publications

References 45 publications

Investigating Spray Characteristics of Synthetic Fuels: Comparative Analysis with Gasoline

Investigating Spray Characteristics of Synthetic Fuels: Comparative Analysis with Gasoline

Investigation on Fuel Properties of Synthetic Gasoline-like Fuels

Decarbonylation of dimethyl oxalate to dimethyl carbonate over Cs2CO3/HZSM-5

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Decarbonylation of dimethyl oxalate to dimethyl carbonate over Cs₂CO₃/HZSM-5