Spray-Drying Performance and Thermal Stability of L-ascorbic Acid Microencapsulated with Sodium Alginate and Gum Arabic

Abstract

The potential of sodium alginate (ALG) and gum arabic (GA) as wall polymers for L-ascorbic acid (AA) encapsulation as a tool for their preservation against the thermo-oxidative degradation was investigated. The influence of such polymers used as wall material on the AA-content, size, encapsulation efficiency, encapsulation yield and thermo-oxidative stability were evaluated. The AA-microparticles were obtained using the spray-drying technique. An experimental Taguchi design was employed to assess the influence of the variables in the encapsulation process. The microparticles morphology and size distribution were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and laser diffraction. The thermal stability of AA microparticles was studied by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry analysis. This work points out the viability to encapsulate AA using GA and ALG through a spray-drying process. In general, a product yield ranging from 35.1% to 83.2% and an encapsulation efficiency above 90% were reached. Spherical microparticles with a smooth surface were obtained with a mean diameter around 6 μm and 9 μm for the those prepared with GA and ALG, respectively. The thermo-oxidative analysis showed that both polymers allow maintaining AA stable up to 188 °C, which is higher than the traditional processing temperature used in the fish feed industry.

Chemical Stability of Ascorbic Acid Integrated into Commercial Products: A Review on Bioactivity and Delivery Technology

“…The sodium alginate/gum Arabic microcapsules prepared by spray drying have an excellent loading capacity of ascorbic acid, which can reach more than 90%. Meanwhile, the thermal stability temperature of ascorbic acid is increased to 188 °C, which is higher than the temperature required for product preparation [ 91 ]. The xyloglucan extracted from Hymenaea courbaril var.…”

Improvement of Moist Heat Resistance of Ascorbic Acid through Encapsulation in Egg Yolk–Chitosan Composite: Application for Production of Highly Nutritious Shrimp Feed Pellets

“…The result shows that EE of the microcapsules was remarkably improved from 32% (without CS) to 64% and 82%, when CS was combined with EY for 1.5% and 6.0%, respectively. The EE of microcapsules produced with 6% CS was relatively high compared to the other studies [ 15 , 16 ]. The result could be explained by the positively charged amine groups of CS interacting with the negatively charged amino groups of EY to promote a denser matrix of the EY-CS composite, thereby resulting in a higher EE.…”

“…The production yield of the AA-microcapsules produced in this work is relatively high compared to other reports. Barra et al (2019) [ 15 ] generated AA-microcapsules via spray-drying and using alginate and gum arabic as wall material, the production yield was in the range of ~35–83%. Sartori et al (2015) [ 34 ] encapsulated AA using solid lipids as wall materials, microcapsules were prepared by spray chilling.…”

“…Abbasi et al (2019) [ 16 ] reported that EE of the AA-microcapsules prepared using a composite of gum arabic/maltodextrin/chitosan was varying in the range of 40–80%, depending on the composite ratio. Barra et al (2019) [ 15 ] produced AA microcapsules using alginate and gum arabic as the encapsulation material. The EE was generally as high as 82–98%.…”

“…Recently, we successfully developed moist heat-resistant microcapsules to maximize the viability of encapsulated probiotics exposed to the steaming process [ 14 ]. Solid lipids added to the encapsulation matrix have been reported to reduce the migration of thermal water vapors into the microcapsules, thereby significantly increasing the encapsulated probiotic survivability [ 15 ]. The encapsulated AA in alginate and gum arabic shows better stability up to 188 °C.…”