Spray drying encapsulation of essential oils; process efficiency, formulation strategies, and applications

Altay, Özgül; Köprüalan, Özgün; İlter, Işıl; Koç, Mehmet; Kaymak‐Ertekin, Figen; Jafari, Seid Mahdi

doi:10.1080/10408398.2022.2113364

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…The maltodextrin and O.S.A.‐modified maltodextrin wall materials were used in the stability of bioactive compound of avocado essential oil. The O.S.A.‐modified maltodextrin was found to have better wall material properties than maltodextrin as it reduced oxidation of bioactive content by around 80% 93,109,118–120 . Stability of aromatic compounds like carvacrol, linalool, thymol, p‐cymene and γ‐terpinene in encapsulated Origanum onites has been reported recently wherein carvacrol and linalool were evaluated, and it was found that the encapsulated oil retained most of the carvacrol and linalool, while the neat oil showed significant release of the aromatic compounds 121 .…”

Section: Factors Affecting Spray Dried Productsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Spray drying encapsulation of essential oils: Insights on various factors affecting the physicochemical properties of the microcapsules

Phanse,

Chandra

2024

Flavour & Fragrance J

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Spray drying is a process that involves instantaneous conversion of a liquid or slurry into a free‐flowing powder in the presence of hot air or nitrogen gas current in a drying chamber. The technique is usually used to encapsulate active molecules like essential oils, plant extracts, fragrances, flavours and enzymes within a wall material. The encapsulation provides chemical and physical stability to the actives by converting them into free‐flowing powders which prevents their susceptibility to external atmospheric conditions like temperature, humidity, UV exposure and chemical oxidation. Spray drying encapsulation has an edge over other encapsulation techniques because it is fast, simple, efficient and economically feasible. The article focuses on encapsulating various essential oils within natural polymers and emulsifiers by spray drying methods to form stable microcapsules. The review also provides information on different types of spray drying equipment and process parameters like the type of atomiszer and nozzles, inlet–outlet temperature and type of cyclones. All the process parameters and materials are found to influence the physicochemical properties of the microencapsulates of essential oils. The review also discusses the effects of process parameters and materials on the encapsulation efficiency, moisture content, bulk and tapped density, agglomeration properties and thermal stability of the microencapsulates. Thus, the consolidated review will provide an overview of various optimization parameters and governing factors for obtaining microencapsulates of essential oils.

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Section: Factors Affecting Spray Dried Productsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Spray drying encapsulation of essential oils: Insights on various factors affecting the physicochemical properties of the microcapsules

Phanse,

Chandra

2024

Flavour & Fragrance J

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“…Encapsulation involves enclosing EO droplets within a protective material, which can originate from synthetic or natural sources. [19] Encapsulation techniques includs spray drying, [29,30] coacervation, [31][32][33] emulsification, [34][35][36] and the use of lipid carriers. [37][38][39] Table 3 presents examples of specific active ingredients and recommends the most suitable encapsulation technique for each of them.…”

Section: Systems Used In the Encapsulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Spray drying (Figure 1) encapsulation (SDE) has emerged as a widely adopted method in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. [29,74] It involves the conversion of liquid or dissolved EOs into a dried powder form, through a process of atomization and drying. [75] The mechanism behind this method relies on generating EOs droplets dispersed within a hightemperature stream of air or nitrogen gas, leading to the swift vaporization of the solution and the creation of solid particles.…”

Section: Spray Dryingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Depending on the method, microcapsules of 3 to 800 μm (mononuclear, multinuclear, or matrix) or nanoparticles (capsules or spheres) with a size range of 10 to 1000 nm can be generated [2] . Several encapsulation methods are available such as microencapsulation, NPs encapsulation, liposomal encapsulation, polymer encapsulation, spray drying (SD), coacervation, and emulsification [19–39] . The most popular methods for encapsulating sensitive medications (pharmaceutics) and sensitive dietary supplements remains spray‐drying and freeze‐drying [8] …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Innovative Encapsulation Strategies for Food, Industrial, and Pharmaceutical Applications

Aanniz,

El Omari,

Elouafy

et al. 2024

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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Encapsulation has emerged as a vitally important tool for protecting the integrity of critical chemicals and improving the delivery mechanisms of natural/synthetic drugs, enabling the controlled release of ingredients and the maintenance of their chemical, physical, and biological properties. It is well known that essential oils (EOs) provide a valuable alternative for food preservation, as they help reducing the deterioration of foodstuffs as well as the proliferation of pathogens. Nevertheless, EOs are highly volatile and lipophilic, rendering them insoluble in aqueous systems. In addition, their secondary metabolites are extremely susceptible to environmental factors such as humidity, temperature, light, and oxygen. Therefore, encapsulation of EOs is an innovative option not only for preserving these substances but also for promoting their stability, controlling their release, and optimizing their efficiency and bioavailability. In this sense, this review aimed to describe current techniques and approaches used to incorporate natural hydrophobic compounds, covering EOs. It also examines whether encapsulation technology can be used efficiently in drug discovery and development. Studies have shown that microencapsulation, the use of nanoparticle, and liposomal are the most effective techniques for encapsulating EOs. Other encapsulation systems included spray drying, coacervation, and emulsification.

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“…The coating substance can be altered and customized to deliver ideal features. Coverage of the active substance gives oxidation protection and wall materials with high solubility, good emulsification, film-forming, and drying capabilities in the finished microcapsules [ 8 ]. The main concern when spraying emulsions containing essential oils is the evaporation of volatile compounds due to the high spraying temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutmeg Essential Oil, Red Clover, and Liquorice Extracts Microencapsulation Method Selection for the Release of Active Compounds from Gel Tablets of Different Bases

et al. 2023

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The current study presents the most suitable method for encapsulating nutmeg essential oil with liquorice and red clover. Two widely used methods, spray-drying and freeze-drying, were employed to find the most suitable for essential oil volatile compounds’ protection. Results showed that freeze-dried capsules (LM) had a higher yield (85.34%) compared to the exact formulation of spray-dried microcapsules (SDM)—45.12%. All the antioxidant and total phenolic compounds’ results obtained with the LM sample were significantly higher compared with SDM. LM microcapsules were incorporated in two different bases with no additional sugar (gelatin and pectin) for targeted release. Pectin tablets had firmer and harder texture properties, while gelatin tablets had a more elastic texture. There was a significant impact on texture changes caused by microcapsules. Microencapsulated essential oil with extracts can be used alone or in a gel base (pectin or gelatin, depending on user preferences). It could be an effective product to protect the active volatile compounds and regulate the release of active compounds and give a pleasant taste.

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Spray drying encapsulation of essential oils; process efficiency, formulation strategies, and applications

Cited by 13 publications

References 138 publications

Spray drying encapsulation of essential oils: Insights on various factors affecting the physicochemical properties of the microcapsules

Spray drying encapsulation of essential oils: Insights on various factors affecting the physicochemical properties of the microcapsules

Innovative Encapsulation Strategies for Food, Industrial, and Pharmaceutical Applications

Nutmeg Essential Oil, Red Clover, and Liquorice Extracts Microencapsulation Method Selection for the Release of Active Compounds from Gel Tablets of Different Bases

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