Spray deposition of NiOx hole transport layer and perovskite photoabsorber in fabrication of photovoltaic mini-module

Chou, Li‐Hui; Yu, Yu-Tien; Osaka, Itaru

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2021.229586

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…They achieved a PCE of 17.8% and 16.6% for the module sizes of 6 × 6 cm 2 and 10 × 10 cm 2 , respectively. [131] In addition, spray-coating of SnO 2 , [160,161] TiO 2 , [162,163] NiO x [164,165] and carbon electrode [166] has been recently reported. Besides the significant development of the spray coating process, a maximum PCE of 19.4% has been obtained by a fully spray-Figure 6.…”

Section: Spray Coatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments in Upscalable Printing Techniques for Perovskite Solar Cells

et al. 2022

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Just over a decade, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been emerged as a next‐generation photovoltaic technology due to their skyrocketing power conversion efficiency (PCE), low cost, and easy manufacturing techniques compared to Si solar cells. Several methods and procedures have been developed to fabricate high‐quality perovskite films to improve the scalability and commercialize PSCs. Recently, several printing technologies such as blade‐coating, slot‐die coating, spray coating, flexographic printing, gravure printing, screen printing, and inkjet printing have been found to be very effective in controlling film formation and improving the PCE of over 21%. This review summarizes the intensive research efforts given for these printing techniques to scale up the perovskite films as well as the hole transport layer (HTL), the electron transport layer (ETL), and electrodes for PSCs. In the end, this review presents a description of the future research scope to overcome the challenges being faced in the printing techniques for the commercialization of PSCs.

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Section: Spray Coatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments in Upscalable Printing Techniques for Perovskite Solar Cells

et al. 2022

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“…[ 21 ] The efficiency of small‐area (0.09 cm 2 ) solar cells can be improved from 17.8% to 20.2%. As demonstrated by many previous reports, [ 25–27 ] the inferior interface contact between the NiO X film and perovskite layer not only deteriorates the interfacial charge transfer, but also affects the crystallinity of the photoactive perovskite. The current common strategy for improving the interface contact is to modify the NiO X film surface with certain materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Impact of Nickel Oxide/Perovskite Interfacial Contact on the Crystallization and Photovoltaic Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells

Liu

Wang

et al. 2022

Solar RRL

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Metal-halide perovskites have attracted much attention for their excellent optoelectronic properties, such as tunable bandgap, long carrier lifetime, low cost, and lowtemperature solution-processibility. In just a few years, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has rapidly increased from 3.8% to more than 25%, [1,2] making them one of the most promising candidates for the nextgeneration low-cost photovoltaic technologies. This rapid progress is largely due to the careful modification of perovskite compositions, delicate design of device configurations, and an in-depth understanding of interfacial interactions, etc. [3][4][5][6] Inverted PSCs (p-i-n structure) have attracted increasing interest from both research and industry in recent years due to their little hysteresis and fatigue phenomena, low materials cost, simple preparation process, and readily scalable for largearea modules fabrication. [7][8][9][10][11] For p-i-n PSCs, the selection of hole transport layers (HTLs) is one of the most crucial steps for obtaining excellent device performance. p-type semiconductors, such as poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly-(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), polytriarylamine (PTAA), or nickel oxide (NiO X ) are commonly used HTLs to extract and transfer holes from the perovskite to the contact electrode. However, PEDOT: PSS has disadvantages in sensitivity to moisture because of its acidity, which potentially leads to the degradation of perovskites. [12] The poor wettability of PTAA makes the perovskite difficult to form dense films, which makes the devices prone to short circuits. [13] In contrast, NiO X is advantageous as an HTL due to its large bandgap (3.5-3.9 eV), deep valence band maximum (5.1-5.4 eV), high mobility (%10 À3 cm 2 V À1 s À1 ), [14][15][16] and intrinsic superior stability of the inorganic nature. In addition, NiO X HTL can be fabricated by a variety of scalable processing routes including chemical vapor deposition, [17] sputtering, [18,19] spray pyrolysis, [20][21][22] electron beam evaporation, [23] and so on. Among them, spray pyrolysis is a method that can fabricate large-area thin films at low cost, which is promising for scaling up PSCs. However, the solar cell performance based on spraycoated NiO X is inferior to the state-of-the-art PSCs, which urges the researchers to find a proper way to improve their performance.

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“…[16,17] Other commonly used p-i-n HTLs also have drawbacks; for example the conjugated polymers poly[bis(4phenyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)amine] (PTAA) and poly(N,N′bis-4-butylphenyl-N,N′-bisphenyl)benzidine (poly-TPD) require costly synthesis. NiO x has been used to create spray-based minimodules, [18] however, it typically requires high-temperature sintering steps, which limits its end-use applications. The polymer blend HTL poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) is known to be hygroscopic and can cause device instability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas‐Assisted Spray Coating of Perovskite Solar Cells Incorporating Sprayed Self‐Assembled Monolayers

et al. 2022

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Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) are becoming widely utilized as hole-selective layers in high-performance p-i-n architecture perovskite solar cells. Ultrasonic spray coating and airbrush coating are demonstrated here as effective methods to deposit MeO-2PACz; a carbazole-based SAM. Potential dewetting of hybrid perovskite precursor solutions from this layer is overcome using optimized solvent rinsing protocols. The use of air-knife gas-quenching is then explored to rapidly remove the volatile solvent from an MAPbI 3 precursor film spray-coated onto an MeO-2PACz SAM, allowing fabrication of p-i-n devices with power conversion efficiencies in excess of 20%, with all other layers thermally evaporated. This combination of deposition techniques is consistent with a rapid, roll-to-roll manufacturing process for the fabrication of large-area solar cells.

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Spray deposition of NiOx hole transport layer and perovskite photoabsorber in fabrication of photovoltaic mini-module

Cited by 18 publications

References 70 publications

Recent Developments in Upscalable Printing Techniques for Perovskite Solar Cells

Recent Developments in Upscalable Printing Techniques for Perovskite Solar Cells

Impact of Nickel Oxide/Perovskite Interfacial Contact on the Crystallization and Photovoltaic Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells

Gas‐Assisted Spray Coating of Perovskite Solar Cells Incorporating Sprayed Self‐Assembled Monolayers

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