Spray Deposit Within Apple Trees of Differing Sizes and Geometry at Low, Medium and High Spray Volumes.

Doruchowski, G.; Svensson, Sonja; Nordmark, L.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.1996.422.52

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Los captadores artificiales de pulverización más utilizados son los papeles de filtro (May;Stevens 1993;Nordmark 1996;Bovolenta;Rondelli 1997;Swiechowski 1998;Swiechowski 2000;Rondelli 2000).…”

Section: Blanco De Aplicaciónunclassified

“…Svensson et al(1996) /ha. Observan que la variación de las tasas de aplicación produce pequeños efectos sobre los depósitos, pero las pérdidas se incrementan en forma inversa al tamaño de los árboles.…”

Section: Tasa De Aplicaciónunclassified

“…Del mismo modo Svensson et al (1996) realizaron aplicaciones con un pulverizador de flujo transversal con ventiladores tangenciales, utilizando tasas de 120; 200; 400 L/ha. Los tratamientos se realizaron sobre sistemas conducidos en eje central; espaldera y vaso, con TRV de 3.400; 6.000 y 12.500 m Estas observaciones aparentemente contradictorias de los párrafos anteriores, podrían significar la observación del fenómeno de retención de depósitos de agroquímico antes y después del denominado "punto de goteo".…”

Section: Tasa De Aplicaciónunclassified

“…Del mismo modo la cantidad de depósitos es mayor en la parte baja de los árboles y disminuyen con la altura de los mismos (Juste et al 1990;Cunningham et al 1998;Val et al 1994;Whitney et al 1991;Cross et al 2001a). Svensson et al (1996) observaron menores depósitos a medida que se aleja del punto de emisión del pulverizador. Byers et al (1984) reportaron mayores depósitos medios a medida que decreció la altura del árbol.…”

Section: Distribución De La Aplicaciónunclassified

“…Diferentes autores utilizaron el trazante denominado Natrisol sódico o fluoresceína sódica para evaluar la distribución de los depósitos sobre el cultivo Western, 1993;May et al 1993;Svensson et al 1996;Holownicki et al 1998;Holownicki et al 2000) Cooke et al (1993) informaron que la fluoresceína sódica es barata, está disponible y es relativamente inocua. Se expresa la fluorescencia en ambiente acuoso alcalino o neutro pero no en estado seco.…”

Section: Evaluación Químicaunclassified

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Efecto de la utilización de pulverizadores de flujo transversal e hidroneumático tradicional sobre la calidad de los tratamientos fitosanitarios en manzanos (Malus doméstica, Borkh)

Magdalena¹

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Section: Blanco De Aplicaciónunclassified

Section: Tasa De Aplicaciónunclassified

Section: Distribución De La Aplicaciónunclassified

Section: Evaluación Químicaunclassified

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Efecto de la utilización de pulverizadores de flujo transversal e hidroneumático tradicional sobre la calidad de los tratamientos fitosanitarios en manzanos (Malus doméstica, Borkh)

Magdalena¹

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Air‐assisted sprayers

2014

Pesticide Application Methods

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The provision of an airflow to assist in the distribution of pesticides within crop canopies has led to a number of sprayer designs with different fan systems and configurations of a range of nozzle types. Generally, the interest in the use of air-assisted sprayers has increased since Potts (1958) recognised the ability to reduce spray volumes significantly by using an airflow to project droplets into a crop canopy. Traditionally used for treating tree crops, air-assisted sprayers have now been adopted in many other types of crop. Downwardly directed air assists droplet penetration of arable field crop canopies and in reducing downwind drift (Figure 8.1).However, registration authorities are concerned that when spraying orchards, small droplets can drift above the tree canopy (Gil et al., 2007(Gil et al., , 2008 and outside orchards so buffer zones are wider for this type of application. Reyes et al. (2012) have developed a data acquisition system to assess the quality of spraying and verify whether the weather conditions were appropriate when a spray was applied.Various terms have been used in association with air-assisted spraying. These include 'concentrate', 'mistblower' and 'air-carrier' spraying. Mistblowers are sprayers that produce droplets in the 50-100 μm size range as these droplets are most effectively conveyed within an airstream. Potts (1958) found that in a particular airstream, droplets of 60-80 μm diameter were carried 46 m, while the larger 200-400 μm droplets travelled only 6-12 m. Larger droplets will be influenced more by gravity, while the smallest droplets are less likely to impact on foliage and other targets as they remain within the airstream. This is particularly important when projecting spray upwards into a tree canopy as fall-out due to gravity can result in considerable wastage of pesticide on the ground as well as increasing risk of operator exposure to the pesticide. However, with greater concern about spray drift out of orchards, coarser sprays are increasingly selected. The distance that large droplets are transported depends very much on the strength of the air assistance and the initial direction of trajectory of the droplets. As the risk of spray drift from orchards is considered to be greater than from arable crops, the unsprayed buffer zone (UBZ) in the UK is at least 18 m, although when using a tunnel sprayer, this is reduced to 5 m.

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Spray coverage and pest management efficacy of a solid set canopy delivery system in high density apples

Owen-Smith

Perry

Wise

et al. 2019

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND: Air blast sprayers are not optimized for spraying the short statured trees in modern apple orchards, resulting in off target drift and variable coverage. A solid set canopy delivery system (SSCDS) consisting of a microsprayer array distributed throughout the orchard was investigated as a replacement agrochemical application method in this study. SSCDS's have the potential to optimize coverage, rapidly spray applications, and remove the operator and tractor from the orchard. RESULTS: Air blast and SSCDS applications were compared using water sensitive paper, bioassays, and pest damage assessments. Pest management and coverage were compared using application volumes of 700 and 795 L ha −1 , respectively. In 2013, adaxial coverage measurements showed no difference between the treatments, but air blast sprayers had higher coverage levels on the abaxial surfaces. There were no significant differences in coverage in 2014. Bioassays using Choristoneura rosaceana fed on leaf discs treated by the SSCDS displayed 95.8% mortality in 2013 and 94.2% mortality in 2014, and air blast treated larval mortality was 95% in 2013 and 100% in 2014. Damage evaluations in both years generally showed no significant differences between the air blast plots and the SSCDS plots, but significant differences between the treated plots and untreated control. CONCLUSIONS: The prototype SSCDS was an effective pest management tool in high density apples, and offered a number of advantages over an air blast. Further engineering and research into coverage optimization would offer producers a novel tool for foliar agrochemical applications.

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Spray Deposit Within Apple Trees of Differing Sizes and Geometry at Low, Medium and High Spray Volumes.

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Efecto de la utilización de pulverizadores de flujo transversal e hidroneumático tradicional sobre la calidad de los tratamientos fitosanitarios en manzanos (Malus doméstica, Borkh)

Efecto de la utilización de pulverizadores de flujo transversal e hidroneumático tradicional sobre la calidad de los tratamientos fitosanitarios en manzanos (Malus doméstica, Borkh)

Air‐assisted sprayers

Spray coverage and pest management efficacy of a solid set canopy delivery system in high density apples

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