Sprat (Sprattus sprattus) as a Possible Source of Invasion of Marine Predators with Contracaecum osculatum in the Southern Baltic Sea

Nadolna-Ałtyn, Katarzyna; Szostakowska, Beata; Podolska, Magdalena

doi:10.1134/s1063074018060093

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…A previous effort is the establishment of the Fish Disease Index (Lang & Wosniok, 2008), that has been used to monitor the health status of North Sea dab in relation to impacts of hazardous substances (Lang et al, 2017). Contracaecum osculatum has a complex life cycle, relying on several hosts (Køie & Fagerholm, 1995;Nadolna-Ałtyn et al, 2018;Valtonen et al, 1988;Zuo et al, 2018), and its distribution and abundance -and hence interactions -will change through time. Contracaecum osculatum burdens may increase in the more westerly cod stocks in future, although it remains unclear if the parasite will thrive in higher salinity water (Sokolova et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasite load of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua in the Baltic Sea assessed by the liver category method, and associations with infection density and critical condition

Ryberg

Huwer

Nielsen

et al. 2021

Fisheries Management Eco

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Fish stock assessments require input data such as numbers and/or biomass of fish, natural and fishing mortality, growth and recruitment. These data, which are derived from the market sampling of commercial catches and from the monitoring surveys, are used to evaluate the present status of exploited fish stocks and project their future development (Jennings et al., 2001). Parasites can affect their hosts ranging from the level of the individual to the level of populations (Timi & Poulin, 2020). However, fish health indicators, such as parasite occurrence, are usually not part of the routine sampling on marine monitoring surveys (Lloret et al., 2012). This omission could

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasite load of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua in the Baltic Sea assessed by the liver category method, and associations with infection density and critical condition

Ryberg

Huwer

Nielsen

et al. 2021

Fisheries Management Eco

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“…This has coincided with even further deterioration of the health status and stock productivity of the fish ( Eero et al ., 2012 , 2015 ). H. grypus is the main final host of this parasite while cod act as the last transport host in the life cycle ( Koie and Fagerholm, 1995 ; Nadolna-Ałtyn et al ., 2018 ; Zuo et al ., 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This parasite migrates to the liver of the cod following ingestion via smaller infected prey, e.g. sprat Sprattus sprattus ( Zuo et al ., 2016 ; Nadolna-Ałtyn et al ., 2018 ), where it accumulates over time, resulting in a larger parasite burden in older fish ( Horbowy et al ., 2016 ; Zuo et al ., 2016 ). The liver is responsible for nutrient assimilation, bile production, maintenance of metabolic homeostasis and protein synthesis and also serves as an energy reserve and breeding capital for the fish ( Hinton et al ., 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological condition of Eastern Baltic cod, Gadus morhua, infected with the parasitic nematode Contracaecum osculatum

Ryberg

Skov

Vendramin

et al. 2020

Conservation Physiology

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Establishing relationships between parasite infection and physiological condition of the host can be difficult and therefore are often neglected when describing factors causing population declines. Using the parasite–host system between the parasitic nematode Contracaecum osculatum and the Eastern Baltic cod Gadus morhua, we here shed new light on how parasite load may relate to the physiological condition of a transport host. The Eastern Baltic cod is in distress, with declining nutritional conditions, disappearance of the larger fish, high natural mortality and no signs of recovery of the population. During the latest decade, high infection levels with C. osculatum have been observed in fish in the central and southern parts of the Baltic Sea. We investigated the aerobic performance, nutritional condition, organ masses, and plasma and proximate body composition of wild naturally infected G. morhua in relation to infection density with C. osculatum. Fish with high infection densities of C. osculatum had (i) decreased nutritional condition, (ii) depressed energy turnover as evidenced by reduced standard metabolic rate, (iii) reduction in the digestive organ masses, and alongside (iv) changes in the plasma, body and liver composition, and fish energy source. The significantly reduced albumin to globulin ratio in highly infected G. morhua suggests that the fish suffer from a chronic liver disease. Furthermore, fish with high infection loads had the lowest Fulton’s condition factor. Yet, it remains unknown whether our results steam from a direct effect of C. osculatum, or because G. morhua in an already compromised nutritional state are more susceptible towards the parasite. Nevertheless, impairment of the physiological condition can lead to reduced swimming performance, compromising foraging success while augmenting the risk of predation, potentially leading to an increase in the natural mortality of the host. We hence argue that fish–parasite interactions must not be neglected when implementing and refining strategies to rebuild deteriorating populations.

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“…However, it is interesting that infected fish were caught in only one out of six hauls in the Bornholm area. There were no nematodes in sprat eastwards of Bornholm (Słupsk Farrow and Gulf of Gdańsk), despite the fact that sprats infected with other Anisakidae nematode-C. osculatum have been detected in both of these locations in the past (Nadolna-Ałtyn et al, 2018;Skrzypczak & Rolbiecki, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…There are reports of the presence of this species in grey seal and common seal (Lunneryd et al, 2015;Skrzypczak et al, 2014;Zuo et al, 2018) and a few fish species (Lunneryd et al, 2015;Nadolna-Ałtyn et al, 2023). In the Baltic Sea, sprat has been found infected with C. osculatum (Nadolna-Ałtyn et al, 2018;Skrzypczak & Rolbiecki, 2015;Zuo et al, 2016). However, little is known about the routes of transmission for this nematode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First record of Pseudoterranova decipiens in sprat (Sprattus sprattus) from the Baltic Sea

Nadolna‐Ałtyn,

Pawlak,

Pachur

2023

Journal of Fish Diseases

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A dispersion of Anisakidae nematodes (particularly Contracaecum osculatum) among marine organisms in the Baltic Sea has been reported over the last decade. This is in line with an increase in the number of grey seal that act as final host for Contracaecum osculatum and Pseudoterranova sp., and are thus indispensable for the completion of their life cycles. Most attention has been paid to zoonotic nematode species, like Pseudoterranova sp., which have been noted in commercially important fish in the area. Little is known about the spread and transmission of Pseudoterranova sp. in the Baltic Sea. The aim of this study was to investigate whether sprat may play a role as a transport host for this Anisakidae. Samples were collected in three areas of the southern Baltic Sea (south and east of Bornholm, Słupsk Farrow and the Gulf of Gdańsk) during a research cruise in August 2019. A visual inspection of the viscera of 556 sprats was conducted. Parasites were identified using anatomomorphological and molecular methods. Nematodes were recorded only in sprat caught southeast of Bornholm (prevalence 2.7%; intensity of infection 1–4; abundance 0.05). Molecular identification revealed the presence of Pseudoterranova decipiens. This is the first report of P. decipiens in sprat from the Baltic Sea. Sprat is likely a transmitter of P. decipiens in the Baltic Sea food web.

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Sprat (Sprattus sprattus) as a Possible Source of Invasion of Marine Predators with Contracaecum osculatum in the Southern Baltic Sea

Cited by 6 publications

References 37 publications

Parasite load of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua in the Baltic Sea assessed by the liver category method, and associations with infection density and critical condition

Parasite load of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua in the Baltic Sea assessed by the liver category method, and associations with infection density and critical condition

Physiological condition of Eastern Baltic cod, Gadus morhua, infected with the parasitic nematode Contracaecum osculatum

First record of Pseudoterranova decipiens in sprat (Sprattus sprattus) from the Baltic Sea

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