“…Both husbands’ and wives’ employment—especially long work hours—are negatively associated with marital interaction (e.g., Amato et al, 2007; Booth, Johnson, White, & Edwards, 1984; Roeters & Treas, 2011; White, 1983; but see Roeters & Treas, 2011). From the time use literature we know that individuals in dual-earner couples spend less time with their spouse than individuals in single-earner couples (Kingston & Nock, 1987; Presser, 2000; Voorpostel et al, 2009) as do individuals in couples in which one member works on the interview (i.e., diary) day (Barnet-Verzat et al, 2010; Dew, 2009; Glorieux, Minnen, & van Tienoven, 2011; Polivka, 2008; Wight et al, 2008) and in couples with large differences in paid work hours (Mansour & McKinnish, 2014). For example, Kingston and Nock (1987) drew on a small sample of couples from 1981 and showed that dual-earner couples spend 30 minutes less in total spousal time than single-earner couples.…”