Spotlighting of Cocaine by an Autonomous Aptamer-Based Machine

Shlyahovsky, Bella; Li, Di; Weizmann, Yossi; Nowarski, Roni; Kotler, Moshe; Willner, Itamar

doi:10.1021/ja069291n

Cited by 268 publications

(191 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…6) Finally, 27 one strategy to address the sensitivity problem is to perform signal amplification. To achieve this goal, a large number of methodologies have already been employed, such as using metallic nanoparticles, 67 quantum dots, [171][172][173] DNA machines, 154,[174][175][176] PCR, 177 and rolling circle amplification (RCA). 178 An interesting concept, called binding induced self-assembly, takes advantage of proximity or increased local concentration.…”

Section: Summary and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aptamer-based biosensors for biomedical diagnostics

Zhou

Huang

Ding

et al. 2014

Analyst

466

290

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Aptamers are single-stranded nucleic acids that selectively bind to target molecules. Most aptamers are obtained through a combinatorial biology technique called SELEX. Since aptamers can be isolated to bind to almost any molecule of choice, can be readily modified at arbitrary positions and they possess predictable secondary structures, this platform technology shows great promise in biosensor development. Over the past two decades, more than one thousand papers have been published on aptamer-based biosensors. Given this progress, the application of aptamer technology in biomedical diagnosis is still in a quite preliminary stage. Most previous work involves only a few model aptamers to demonstrate the sensing concept with limited biomedical impact. This Critical Review aims to summarize progresses that might enable practical applications of aptamer for biological samples. First, general sensing strategies based on the unique properties of aptamers are summarized. Each strategy can be coupled to various signaling methods. Among these, a few detection methods including fluorescence lifetime, flow cytometry, upconverting nanoparticles, nanoflare technology, magnetic resonance imaging, electronic aptamer-based sensors, and lateral flow devices have been discussed in more detail since they are more likely to work in a complex sample matrix. The current limitations of this field include the lack of high quality aptamers for clinically important targets. In addition, the aptamer technology has to be extensively tested in a clinical sample matrix to establish reliability and accuracy. Future directions are also speculated to overcome these challenges.3

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Section: Summary and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aptamer-based biosensors for biomedical diagnostics

Zhou

Huang

Ding

et al. 2014

Analyst

466

290

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show abstract

“…1 However, this technique suffers from an intrinsic drawback, the requirement of precision thermal cycling between three different temperatures in a costly thermal cycler, limiting its popularization and application in point-of-care testing. On the other hand, various alternative isothermal amplification methods, such as rolling circle amplification (RCA), 2,3 strand displacement amplification (SDA), 4 loop-mediated isothermal amplification, 5,6 nicking enzyme signal amplification (NESA) [7][8][9] and the exponential amplification reaction (EXPAR) 10 have been proposed in the past two decades. These isothermal methods have been developed mainly based on some new findings in molecular biology concerning DNA synthesis and some accessory proteins together with their mimicking in vitro for nucleic acid amplification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymerase/nicking enzyme synergetic isothermal quadratic DNA machine and its application for one-step amplified biosensing of lead (II) ions at femtomole level and DNA methyltransferase

et al. 2014

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Herein, we propose a novel and universal biosensing platform based on a polymerase-nicking enzyme synergetic isothermal quadratic DNA machine (ESQM). This platform tactfully integrates two signal amplification modules, strand displacement amplification (SDA) and nicking enzyme signal amplification (NESA), into a one-step system. A bifunctional DNA probe with a stem-loop structure was designed to be partly complementary to the SDA product and digested substrate of NESA for bridging SDA and NESA. ESQM can be performed by using only the enzymes and buffer involved in the SDA module. In the presence of a target, this DNA machine is activated to afford a high quadratic amplified signal. Using Pb 2+ and DNA adenine methylation (Dam) methyltransferase (MTase) as analytes, a sensitive biosensing platform is demonstrated. Low detection limits of 30 fM Pb 2+ and 0.05 U ml − 1 Dam MTase were achieved within a short assay time (40 min), which were each superior to those of most previously reported methods. This DNA machine exhibited high selectivity for Pb 2+ . Furthermore, the successful detection of complex environmental water samples demonstrated the applicability of the proposed strategy in real samples, holding great potential for its application in environmental monitoring, biomedical research and clinical diagnosis. INTRODUCTIONSignal amplification technologies have a critical role in molecular biology research, environmental and food monitoring, forensic identification and clinical diagnosis. Since its creation in 1985, polymerase chain reaction has become the most well-known and widely used amplification technique. 1 However, this technique suffers from an intrinsic drawback, the requirement of precision thermal cycling between three different temperatures in a costly thermal cycler, limiting its popularization and application in point-of-care testing. On the other hand, various alternative isothermal amplification methods, such as rolling circle amplification (RCA), 2,3 strand displacement amplification (SDA), 4 loop-mediated isothermal amplification, 5,6 nicking enzyme signal amplification (NESA) 7-9 and the exponential amplification reaction (EXPAR) 10 have been proposed in the past two decades. These isothermal methods have been developed mainly based on some new findings in molecular biology concerning DNA synthesis and some accessory proteins together with their mimicking in vitro for nucleic acid amplification. Among these methods, EXPAR has been widely used, which is attributed to its rapid amplification kinetics (several minutes) and exceedingly high amplification efficiency (10 6 -to 10 9 -fold). For example, Ye's group 11 and Zhang's group 12,13 have proposed several interesting methods for the highly sensitive detection of microRNA and protein based on EXPAR, respectively. Nevertheless, the EXPAR-based methods involve the weaknesses of early phase non-specific background amplification resulting from the binding of the polymerase to the single-stranded template. 14 Conversely, the linear amplification ...

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“…Thus, DNA would be a versatile scaffold to construct molecular devices for analyzing not only nucleic acids, but also other varieties of species in aqueous solution, such as metal ions, [60][61][62][63] proteins, [64][65][66] and other physiologically active substances. 67,68 8 References…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homogeneous DNA-detection Based on the Non-enzymatic Reactions Promoted by Target DNA

Ihara

Mukae

2007

ANAL. SCI.

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Much effort has focused on methods for detecting various genetic differences in individuals, including single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). SNP can be characterized as a substitution, insertion, or deletion at a single base position on a DNA strand. There is expected to be on average one SNP for every 1000 bases of the human genome, and some variations located in genes are suspected to alter both the protein structure and the expression level. Therefore, highly sensitive techniques with a simple procedure would be desirable for a high-throughput screening of millions of SNPs widely dispersed throughout the human genome. In this short review, we consider recently reported unique techniques for genotyping in a homogeneous solution, and organize them in terms of the chemical and physical processes accelerated on DNA.

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Spotlighting of Cocaine by an Autonomous Aptamer-Based Machine

Cited by 268 publications

References 13 publications

Aptamer-based biosensors for biomedical diagnostics

Aptamer-based biosensors for biomedical diagnostics

Polymerase/nicking enzyme synergetic isothermal quadratic DNA machine and its application for one-step amplified biosensing of lead (II) ions at femtomole level and DNA methyltransferase

Homogeneous DNA-detection Based on the Non-enzymatic Reactions Promoted by Target DNA

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