Sports Nutrition: Diets, Selection Factors, Recommendations

Malsagova, Kristina A.; Kopylov, Arthur T.; Sinitsyna, Alexandra A.; Stepanov, Alexander A.; Izotov, Alexander; Butkova, Tatyana; Chingin, Konstantin; Klyuchnikov, Mikhail S.; Kaysheva, Anna L.

doi:10.3390/nu13113771

Cited by 43 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 131 publications

(184 reference statements)

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“…In dietetics, new directions are actively being developed that are focused on personalized dietary programs [29]. Such directions include (1) genetic studies that aim to determine the predisposition to a particular type of food and the risk of foodborne illness [30]; (2) studies on the human microbiota diversity, which characterizes the digestion performance and the state of the intestinal barrier [31]; and (3) studies on the individual immune response to food antigens that cause changes in food tolerance and the reactivity of the adaptive immune response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is a high level of food intolerance among athletes. Some studies have linked the FI in professional athletes with excessive physical activity [29]. To assess the impact of a food intolerance on the athletic performance and health of elite athletes, a threemonth experimental longitudinal study was conducted [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies have linked the FI in professional athletes with excessive physical activity [29]. To assess the impact of a food intolerance on the athletic performance and health of elite athletes, a threemonth experimental longitudinal study was conducted [29]. Based on the obtained result, an individual elimination diet was drawn up.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determination of Specific IgG to Identify Possible Food Intolerance in Athletes Using ELISA

Malsagova¹,

Stepanov²,

Sinitsyna³

et al. 2021

Data

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Nutrition is considered one of the foundations of athletic performance, and post-workout nutritional recommendations are fundamental to the effectiveness of the recovery and adaptive processes. Therefore, at present, new directions in dietetics are being formed, focused on the creation of personalized diets. To identify the probable risk of somatic and allergic reactions upon contact with food antigens, we used the method of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the quantitative determination of IgG antibodies in the blood plasma of athletes against protein–peptide antigens accommodated in food. The study enrolled 40 athletes of boating and fighting sport disciplines. We found that the majority of the studied participants were characterized by an elevated IgG level against one or two food allergens (barley, almond, strawberry, etc.). Comparative analysis of the semiquantitative levels of IgG antibodies in athletes engaged in boating and fighting did not reveal significant differences between these groups. As a result, foods that are likely to cause the most pronounced immune response amongst the studied participants can be identified, which may indicate the presence of food intolerances. An athlete’s diet is influenced by both external and internal factors that can reduce or worsen the symptoms of a food intolerance/allergy associated with exercise. The range of foods is wide, and the effectiveness of a diet depends on the time, the place, and environmental factors. Therefore, during the recovery period (the post-competition period), athletes are advised to follow the instructions of doctors and nutritionists. An effective, comprehensive recovery strategy during the recovery period may enhance the adaptive response to fatigue, improving muscle function and increasing exercise tolerance. The data obtained may be useful for guiding the development of a new personalized approach and dietary recommendations covering the composition of athletes’ diet and the prevalence of food intolerance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determination of Specific IgG to Identify Possible Food Intolerance in Athletes Using ELISA

Malsagova¹,

Stepanov²,

Sinitsyna³

et al. 2021

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“…Optimal nutrition is an essential aspect of an athlete’s training process to improve sports performance and to achieve and maintain optimal health [ 12 ]. Furthermore, nutrition is a key determinant of the effectiveness of recovery and adaptive responses to a training process; moreover, it has an important, if not crucial, role in health status [ 13 ]. Although optimal nutrition is the key prerequisite for sports performance, the nutrition knowledge of athletes and its impact on their dietary intake, as shown in several review and cross-sectional studies, may be lacking [ 7 , 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olympic Cycle Comparison of the Nutritional and Cardiovascular Health Status of an Elite-Level Female Swimmer: Case Study Report from Slovenia

Jakše

Lipošek

Zenić

et al. 2022

Sports

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Monitoring the many aspects that are crucial to an athlete’s performance progress is vital for further training planning and for the development of performance and the sport. We evaluated a four-year change (2018 vs. 2022) in the current nutritional and cardiovascular health status of the most successful elite-level female swimmer in Slovenia. Body composition and dietary intake were assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and a standardized food questionnaire. The concentration of blood lipids, blood pressure, and serum micronutrients (B12, 25(OH)D), potassium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and iron) were measured. The four-year comparison showed an improved body composition status (i.e., increased body mass and decreased body fat (percentage and mass), increased lean soft tissue and total bone mineral density (BMD) (i.e., significantly decreased BMD of a left femoral neck and increased BMD of a spine and head)). We also measured an improvement in the cardiovascular health status of some markers (i.e., decreased total cholesterol, triglycerides, and blood pressure but increased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), most likely due to the differences in assessed dietary intake (i.e., lower carbohydrate intake, higher total and saturated fat intake, and lower sodium intake). Notably, nutrient intakes that are generally of concern (eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), vitamin B12 and D, calcium, iron, and zinc (except for fiber intake)) were all within recommended ranges. However, the athlete’s vitamin K and potassium intake were not adequate. Furthermore, in 2018, the athlete did not consume dietary supplements, while she now regularly uses several dietary supplements, including EPA and DHA omega-3, vitamin D, multivitamins, carbohydrate powder, and sports drink. Moreover, from the micronutrient serum, only iron levels deviated from the reference values (37 μmol/L vs. 10.7–28.6 μmol/L). The presented screening example using valid, sensitive, and affordable methods and with rapid organizational implementation may be a viable format for regular monitoring.

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“…In a study of 400 overweight or obese women, a higher plant-based dietary index (PDI) leads to better metabolic conditions 27 . Given individual genomics information, nutrigenetics analyze the association between genes and the impact of nutrient intake on the disease status to estimate a personalized optimal diet 28 . In East Asia, people with FTO gene variants had higher BMI when they consumed less protein 16 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personalized optimal nutrition lifestyle for self obesity management using metaalgorithms

Chen

Dai

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Precision medicine applies machine learning methods to estimate the personalized optimal treatment decision based on individual information, such as genetic data and medical history. The main purpose of self obesity management is to develop a personalized optimal life plan that is easy to implement and adhere to, thereby reducing the incidence of obesity and obesity-related diseases. The methodology comprises three components. First, we apply catboost, random forest and lasso covariance test to evaluate the importance of individual features in forecasting body mass index. Second, we apply metaalgorithms to estimate the personalized optimal decision on alcohol, vegetable, high caloric food and daily water intake respectively for each individual. Third, we propose new metaalgorithms named SX and SXwint learners to compute the personalized optimal decision and compare their performances with other prevailing metalearners. We find that people who receive individualized optimal treatment options not only have lower obesity levels than others, but also have lower obesity levels than those who receive ’one-for-all’ treatment options. In conclusion, all metaalgorithms are effective at estimating the personalized optimal decision, where SXwint learner shows the best performance on daily water intake.

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Sports Nutrition: Diets, Selection Factors, Recommendations

Cited by 43 publications

References 131 publications

Determination of Specific IgG to Identify Possible Food Intolerance in Athletes Using ELISA

Determination of Specific IgG to Identify Possible Food Intolerance in Athletes Using ELISA

Olympic Cycle Comparison of the Nutritional and Cardiovascular Health Status of an Elite-Level Female Swimmer: Case Study Report from Slovenia

Personalized optimal nutrition lifestyle for self obesity management using metaalgorithms

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