Sports Nutrition and Food Knowledge among Malaysian University Athletes

Azizam, Nur Syazana Nor; Yusof, Siti Nurhazlin; Amon, Jonie Jerypin; Ahmad, Azimah; Safii, Nik Shanita; Jamil, Nor Aini

doi:10.3390/nu14030572

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Comparatively, the scores of athletes were lower in the macronutrients and micronutrients sections than in the hydration and periodization sections, whose scores were above the overall mean. In the case of hydration, our observations coincide with some studies [ 34 , 40 , 49 ], but differ from others [ 9 , 11 ]. Athletes should clearly improve their NK, mainly in the areas of macronutrients and micronutrients, since it was similar to that of groups representing the community and far below the knowledge demonstrated by STT.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…Moreover, when athletes and non-athletes were aggregated according to their level of education, and subgroups with similar education levels compared for their NUKYA scores, such scores were coherent, supporting the association of education with NK. The main sources of information reported by athletes were families, dietitians, physiotherapists, coaches, and Internet; in general, these coincide with the sources reported in more recent studies [ 32 , 40 , 42 ] and are quite different from those reported in older studies [ 41 , 55 ]. Dietitians were reported as one of the main sources of information (57%), although only 13% of athletes consistently attended the dietitian office.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

“…These results coincide with previous observations from two studies that assessed the NK of athletes and coaches, where coaches scored better than athletes [ 11 , 17 ]. However, differences are bigger in our study, and this can be partially explained by the fact that STT group not only included coaches and physical trainers, but also health professionals like physiotherapists and physicians.The study of Nor Azizam et al [ 40 ] used this same questionnaire in athletes with sport science background in a Malaysian university, who obtained a much higher average score (58.6%, SD = 10.2%). This average score was close to those obtained by the STT group in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sport Nutrition Knowledge, Attitudes, Sources of Information, and Dietary Habits of Sport-Team Athletes

2022

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Nutrition knowledge (NK) is one of several factors needed to establish proper eating habits and is especially important for athletes. The aims of this study were the following: to assess the NK of athletes from the Fútbol Club Barcelona; and to study its possible association with self-perceived level of NK, attitude towards nutrition, sources of information, and some dietary habits. We performed a cross-sectional study in two parts. First, we assessed the NK of elite athletes (n = 264) and compared it to the NK of technical teams of different sports (n = 59) and non-athletes (n = 183) of different ages and levels of education. Second, we investigated the associations between NK and other variables. To assess NK, we used a previously validated questionnaire Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire for Young and Adult Athletes (NUKYA). Athletes showed a low median score (25.1 points), similar to the scores obtained by high school students (19.5) and university Philosophy students (29.0), and significantly lower than the scores of the sports technical team (58.5, p<0.05) and final year students of Human Nutrition and Dietetics (74.6, p<0.05). Moreover, we found statistically significant associations between NK and self-perceived level of NK (n=240,ρ=0.2546,p=0.0001) intake of fruits and vegetables (n=111,ρ=0.2701,p=0.0041), and intake of discretionary food (n=111,ρ=−0.2008,p=0.0001). Athletes with lower scores tended to overestimate their competence in nutrition (Dunning-Kruger effect). We concluded that NK of athletes needs to be improved through education plans that should consider aspects such as the proper selection of information resources and the importance of not consuming supplements without the adequate prescription. Incorporation of technical team and families to the education plan should be considered.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sport Nutrition Knowledge, Attitudes, Sources of Information, and Dietary Habits of Sport-Team Athletes

2022

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“…Most of the athletes also did not consume milk or calcium supplements regularly. A healthy diet that includes calcium and vitamin D is important for maintaining bone health [ 39 , 40 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S) among National Athletes in Malaysia

et al. 2023

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Relative energy deficiency in sport (RED-S), which underpins the concept of low energy availability (LEA), can negatively affect athletes’ health and performance. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of RED-S among national athletes in Malaysia. A total of 192 national athletes (97 males, 18–39 years old) responded to an online survey regarding the RED-S risk. Most athletes (67.2%) were classified as having a medium/high RED-S risk. Female (41.2%), weight-class (23.9%), and intermittent sports (20.3%) had the highest prevalence of medium/high RED-S risk. Overall, most athletes spent 2–5 h daily (55.2%) and 6–7 days weekly (53.6%) practicing or playing their sport, and 47.9% reported feeling tired recently. The athletes were also terrified of being overweight (61.5%), worried about what they eat (64.7%), concerned about having fat on their bodies (62.6%), and thinking about burning calories while exercising (69.3%). Only 16.7% of the athletes had a prior history of stress fractures, and 40.6% continued to participate in activities 6–7 days per week while injured. The majority of female athletes (88.3%) had regular menstrual cycles. These findings support the notion that RED-S screening should be addressed in the athletic community. Future research is needed to clinically assess these athletes and investigate the impacts of RED-S on their health and sports performance.

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“…A purposive sampling method was employed to select the participants due to the difficulties in accessing the entire sampling frame caused by the strict MCO, a common issue experienced by many studies carried out in Malaysia during the COVID-19-related lockdown period [ 28 , 29 ]. Theoretically, this is justified by a number of prior studies which showed the acceptability of a purposive sampling approach in sampling marginalized populations [ 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prevalence and Determinants of Child Hunger and Its Associations with Early Childhood Nutritional Status among Urban Poverty Households during COVID-19 Pandemic in Petaling District, Malaysia: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Survey

Ooi,

Abdul Jalal,

Wong

et al. 2023

Nutrients

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Child hunger was prevalent during the COVID-19 pandemic, but the extent, determinants, and impact on pre-school children aged 6 months to 7 years old from Malaysian urban poor households are still unknown. This exploratory cross-sectional study was performed between July 2020 and January 2021 at the Lembah Subang People Housing Project, Petaling. The households’ food security status was assessed using the previously validated Radimer/Cornell questionnaire, and the children’s anthropometric measurements were taken. Food diversity score was assessed using the World Health Organization Infant and Young Children Feeding (under-2 children) or Food and Agriculture Organization Women’s Dietary Diversity (2-year-old-and-above children) systems. Overall, 106 households were recruited. The prevalence of child hunger is 58.4% (95% CI: 50.0, 67.4). Significant differences were found in breastfeeding and sugar-sweetened beverage consumption between under-2 and ≥2-year-old children. There were no significant differences between child hunger and other food-insecure groups in weight-for-age, height-for-age, and weight-for-height z-scores. Only a higher dietary diversity score was significantly protective against child hunger after adjusting for maternal age, paternal employment status, and the number of household children (ORadjusted: 0.637 (95% CI: 0.443, 0.916), p = 0.015)). Proactive strategies are warranted to reduce child hunger during the COVID-19 pandemic by improving childhood dietary diversity.

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Sports Nutrition and Food Knowledge among Malaysian University Athletes

Cited by 8 publications

References 25 publications

Sport Nutrition Knowledge, Attitudes, Sources of Information, and Dietary Habits of Sport-Team Athletes

Sport Nutrition Knowledge, Attitudes, Sources of Information, and Dietary Habits of Sport-Team Athletes

Prevalence of Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S) among National Athletes in Malaysia

The Prevalence and Determinants of Child Hunger and Its Associations with Early Childhood Nutritional Status among Urban Poverty Households during COVID-19 Pandemic in Petaling District, Malaysia: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Survey

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