Sports injuries and illnesses in the Sochi 2014 Olympic Winter Games

Soligard, Torbjørn; Steffen, Kathrin; Palmer-Green, Debbie; Aubry, Mark; Grant, Marie‐Elaine; Meeuwisse, Willem; Mountjoy, Margo; Budgett, Richard; Engebretsen, Lars

doi:10.1136/bjsports-2014-094538

Cited by 211 publications

(309 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…22 34 40 41 59-61 The rate of illness in the Lillehammer was similar to those reported in the Innsbruck YOG 9 (7% of all athletes affected in Lillehammer, compared with 8% of athletes in Sochi and in Innsbruck vs 7% in Vancouver). 9 Also consistent with recent reports from multisport events [11][12][13] with a 75% higher odds, female athletes were exposed to higher risk as their male counterparts. This quite consistent pattern of illness risk between males and females between sports should be explored in more detail.…”

Section: Illness Risk During the Youth Olympicssupporting

confidence: 80%

“…However, as injury cases in each sport generally were low, comparisons between the two Youth Games need to be seen as purely descriptive and thus interpreted carefully. Looking at Olympic Winter Games, three of the most highrisk sports in the 2014 Sochi Olympic Games (aerial skiing and moguls) 11 were not on the programme for any of the youth winter sport events (Innsbruck YOG 2012, Winter European Youth Olympic Festival 2015, Lillehammer YOG 2016), 8 9 which can be seen as wise decision to reduce injury risk among the young talents. Still, in the Lillehammer YOG, as in both recent senior and YOG, snowboard and ski cross/slope style turned out to be the sports with the highest risk with almost 1 in 3 athletes suffering from an injury.…”

Section: Injury Risk In the Youth Olympic Sportsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In major sports events, like the Olympic Games, injuries or illnesses of even minor severity and time loss have the potential to be participation-limiting and performance-inhibiting, and thus prevent athletes from reaching their life-time achievement. 11 In the Lillehammer YOG, almost 1 in 10 of the injuries were estimated to involve time loss >7 days. In line with other reports from world-class athletes [35][36][37][38][39] and adolescent upcoming stars, 2-9 these were typically knee sprain injuries.…”

Section: Mechanisms Circumstances Severity Location and Type Of Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10 Systematic monitoring of injury and illness trends over time provides epidemiologic data that are invaluable to protect the health of the athletes. Both the IOC, [11][12][13][14] International Paralympic Committee (IPC) [15][16][17][18][19][20][21] and several International Sports Federations (FIFA, IAAF, FINA, FIS, FIVB, IHF, IIHF, IRF) have instituted comprehensive injury and illness surveillance systems longitudinally or in their main events to detect risk factors and mechanisms. [44][45][46][47][48] Some of these have later on informed prevention measures in sport.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sports Injuries and Illnesses in the Lillehammer 2016 Youth Olympic Winter Games

et al. 2017

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BackgroundInjury and illness surveillance during high-level junior sports events is an important first step in health prevention and caretaking of the young elite athletes.ObjectiveTo analyse injuries and illnesses that occurred during the 2nd Youth Olympic Winter Games, YOG, held in Lillehammer 2016.DesignProspective cohort study.Participants1083 14–18 year-old elite athletes, 46% (n=502) of them females, from 70 National Olympic Committees (NOC).InterventionWe recorded the daily occurrence (or non-occurrence) of injuries and illnesses through the reporting of 1) all NOC medical teams and 2) the polyclinic and medical venues by the Lillehammer Organising Committee (LYOCOG) medical staff.Main Outcome MeasurementsNewly occurred injuries and illnesses during the 2016 Lillehammer YOG.ResultsNOCs and LYOCOG reported 108 injuries and 81 illnesses, equalling to 9.5 injuries and 7.2 illnesses per 100 athletes over the 10-day competition period. The percentage of injured athletes was highest in the snowboard and freestyle slopestyle and cross disciplines, alpine skiing, and skeleton, and lowest in the Nordic skiing disciplines. Approximately, two thirds of the injuries (n=71, 65.7%) prevented the athlete from absence from training or competition, while 10 injuries (9.3%) were registered with an estimated absence from sport for >7 days. The rate of illness was highest in curling and the Nordic skiing disciplines with most of them being respiratory tract infections (81.5%).ConclusionsOverall, 9% of the athletes incurred at least one injury during the games, and 7% an illness, which is similar to the first YOG and slightly lower compared to previous Winter Olympic Games. The incidence of injuries and illnesses varied substantially between sports and will require the implementation of individualized preventive measure.

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Section: Illness Risk During the Youth Olympicssupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Injury Risk In the Youth Olympic Sportsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanisms Circumstances Severity Location and Type Of Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sports Injuries and Illnesses in the Lillehammer 2016 Youth Olympic Winter Games

et al. 2017

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“…The development of new equipment and high-risk snow-park areas for children and adolescents may, in combination with more aggressive styles of skiing, explain the continued increase in skiing injuries 3 among the youngest skiers [21]. Furthermore, the new ski-sports arising during the previous decade are documented to have a high risk of ACL injuries [58]. Additionally, the use of skiing equipment that is originally designed for adults and wrong adjustment of binding release mechanisms may put the young skiers at risk when a fall occur [3].…”

Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention and rehabilitation of paediatric anterior cruciate ligament injuries

Moksnes

Grindem

2015

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc

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Anterior cruciate ligament injuries in elite ski jumping reliably allow return to competition but severely affect future top performance

Oronowicz,

Seil,

Hörterer

et al. 2024

Knee surg. sports traumatol. arthrosc.

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PurposeIn recent years, anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries have been frequently observed in ski jumping. However, available data in this discipline are very scarce. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether an ACL injury in elite‐level ski jumping limits the performance level after ACL reconstruction (ACLR).MethodsBoth male and female elite‐level ski jumpers from five national A‐teams who suffered an ACL injury were identified retrospectively by searching available media reports and Fédération Internationale de Ski (FIS) database. World Cup (WC) results and time‐out‐of‐competition before ACL injury and after ACLR were compared. Only athletes who suffered the injury during or after the 2009–2010 season and who participated in at least one WC competition before the injury were included in this study. The level of athletes' performance from two full seasons before until three seasons after the injury was compared.ResultsEighteen elite‐level ski jumpers (11 males/seven females) were eligible for the study. All male and four female athletes returned to professional competition after ACLR. One female athlete ended her career due to prolonged recovery and two have not yet recovered due to a recent injury. The mean return‐to‐competition (RTC) time was 14.6 months in males and 13.5 months in females. The mean WC placement decreased after the ACL injury: two seasons before injury the mean position was 17.9 ± 11.0 (n = 12), one season before it was 22.4 ± 12.8 (n = 15). After recovery, the mean placement in seasons 1–3 was: 26.4 ± 8.9 (n = 7), 25.7 ± 10.3 (n = 13), 33.6 ± 12.2 (n = 10) (p = 0.008). Among the athletes returning to competition, only six males and three females reached their preinjury level and only one male and one female (compared to seven males and three females preinjury) reached an individual top‐3 placement after ACLR, accounting for less than 10% of podiums compared to preinjury.ConclusionOnly 60% of the professional ski jumpers reached the preinjury level and less than 15% reached a top‐3 placement after the ACL injury. These results support the fact that ACL tear during a ski jumping career may be a significant factor limiting high‐level performance. In terms of clinical relevance, the findings implicate the need to analyse the reasons of these very low rates of return to elite‐level performance, to analyse ACL injury and RTC rates at lower levels of performance and to develop specific prevention strategies in order to reduce the number of ACL injuries in this sport.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.

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Sports injuries and illnesses in the Sochi 2014 Olympic Winter Games

Cited by 211 publications

References 83 publications

Sports Injuries and Illnesses in the Lillehammer 2016 Youth Olympic Winter Games

Sports Injuries and Illnesses in the Lillehammer 2016 Youth Olympic Winter Games

Prevention and rehabilitation of paediatric anterior cruciate ligament injuries

Anterior cruciate ligament injuries in elite ski jumping reliably allow return to competition but severely affect future top performance

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