Sporopollenin accumulation in Nicotiana tabacum L. microspore wall during its development

Matveyeva, N. P.; Polevova, Svetlana; Smirnova, A. V.; Yermakov, I. P.

doi:10.1134/s1990519x12030078

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Recently, Zafra et al (2012) reported that SOD regulates ROS homeostasis during the late tetrad/early microspore stage and in mature pollen to produce viable pollen. In a separate study, Matveyeva et al (2012) revealed the role of ROS in the deposition of sporopollenin on the microspore wall. The anthers with disturbed ROS released microspores that were smaller and shrunken and that collapsed after entering the mitotic phase.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gametophyte Development Needs Mitochondrial Coproporphyrinogen III Oxidase Function

et al. 2017

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Tetrapyrrole biosynthesis is one of the most essential metabolic pathways in almost all organisms. Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase (CPO) catalyzes the conversion of coproporphyrinogen III into protoporphyrinogen IX in this pathway. Here, we report that mutation in the Arabidopsis () CPO-coding gene () adversely affects silique length, ovule number, and seed set. mutant alleles were transmitted via both male and female gametes, but homozygous mutants were never recovered. Plants carrying mutant alleles showed defects in gametophyte development, including nonviable pollen and embryo sacs with unfused polar nuclei. Improper differentiation of the central cell led to defects in endosperm development. Consequently, embryo development was arrested at the globular stage. The mutant phenotype was completely rescued by transgenic expression of Promoter and transcript analyses indicated that is expressed mainly in floral tissues and developing seeds. AtHEMN1-green fluorescent protein fusion protein was found targeted to mitochondria. Loss of function increased coproporphyrinogen III level and reduced protoporphyrinogen IX level, suggesting the impairment of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis. Blockage of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis in the mutant led to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in anthers and embryo sacs, as evidenced by nitroblue tetrazolium staining. Our results suggest that the accumulated ROS disrupts mitochondrial function by altering their membrane polarity in floral tissues. This study highlights the role of mitochondrial ROS homeostasis in gametophyte and seed development and sheds new light on tetrapyrrole/heme biosynthesis in plant mitochondria.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gametophyte Development Needs Mitochondrial Coproporphyrinogen III Oxidase Function

et al. 2017

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“…To date, no enzyme is known to be involved in the polymerization and deposition of sporopollenin on the microspore surface. It has however been suggested that oxidative polymerization involving ROS takes place, similar to what is known for lignin (Matveyeva et al, 2012;Jacobowitz et al, 2019), and that sporopollenin deposition into an elaborately patterned and sculptured cell wall is guided by a cellulosic (primexine) scaffold and the physico-chemical properties of modulated phases surrounding developing microspores (Scott, 1994;Paxson-Sowders et al, 1997;Gabarayeva et al, 2019;Radja et al, 2019). The application of ROS scavenger to developing moss spores compromised spore wall formation and structural integrity in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting the involvement of ROS and peroxidases in sporopollenin polymerization and/or deposition (Rabbi et al, 2020).…”

Section: Cross-linkages and Assembly Of Sporopolleninmentioning

confidence: 90%

The Toughest Material in the Plant Kingdom: An Update on Sporopollenin

Grienenberger

Quilichini

2021

Front. Plant Sci.

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The extreme chemical and physical recalcitrance of sporopollenin deems this biopolymer among the most resilient organic materials on Earth. As the primary material fortifying spore and pollen cell walls, sporopollenin is touted as a critical innovation in the progression of plant life to a terrestrial setting. Although crucial for its protective role in plant reproduction, the inert nature of sporopollenin has challenged efforts to determine its composition for decades. Revised structural, chemical, and genetic experimentation efforts have produced dramatic advances in elucidating the molecular structure of this biopolymer and the mechanisms of its synthesis. Bypassing many of the challenges with material fragmentation and solubilization, insights from functional characterizations of sporopollenin biogenesis in planta, and in vitro, through a gene-targeted approach suggest a backbone of polyhydroxylated polyketide-based subunits and remarkable conservation of biochemical pathways for sporopollenin biosynthesis across the plant kingdom. Recent optimization of solid-state NMR and targeted degradation methods for sporopollenin analysis confirms polyhydroxylated α-pyrone subunits, as well as hydroxylated aliphatic units, and unique cross-linkage heterogeneity. We examine the cross-disciplinary efforts to solve the sporopollenin composition puzzle and illustrate a working model of sporopollenin’s molecular structure and biosynthesis. Emerging controversies and remaining knowledge gaps are discussed, including the degree of aromaticity, cross-linkage profiles, and extent of chemical conservation of sporopollenin among land plants. The recent developments in sporopollenin research present diverse opportunities for harnessing the extraordinary properties of this abundant and stable biomaterial for sustainable microcapsule applications and synthetic material designs.

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Pseudoschizaea sp. from the Early Jurassic of Italy: Fine Structure and Comparison

et al. 2021

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Sporopollenin accumulation in Nicotiana tabacum L. microspore wall during its development

Cited by 4 publications

References 30 publications

Gametophyte Development Needs Mitochondrial Coproporphyrinogen III Oxidase Function

Gametophyte Development Needs Mitochondrial Coproporphyrinogen III Oxidase Function

The Toughest Material in the Plant Kingdom: An Update on Sporopollenin

Pseudoschizaea sp. from the Early Jurassic of Italy: Fine Structure and Comparison

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