Spore traps need improvement to fulfil plant biosecurity requirements

Jackson, Sarah; Bayliss, K.L.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3059.2011.02445.x

Cited by 53 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Spore traps need to be simple, robust devices for effective use in forest stands; they also need to be easy to handle and have low maintenance costs (14,15). Active traps (e.g., volumetric or cyclonic traps) trap fungal spores more effectively than passive traps (12). However, they have some disadvantages when used under forest conditions; for example, they require electric power.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Mushroom Emergence Detected by Combining Spore Trapping with Molecular Techniques

Castaño

Oliva

Aragón

et al. 2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Obtaining reliable and representative mushroom production data requires time-consuming sampling schemes. In this paper, we assessed a simple methodology to detect mushroom emergence by trapping the fungal spores of the fruiting body community in plots where mushroom production was determined weekly. We compared the performance of filter paper traps with that of funnel traps and combined these spore trapping methods with species-specific quantitative real-time PCR and Illumina MiSeq to determine the spore abundance. Significantly more MiSeq proportional reads were generated for both ectomycorrhizal and saprotrophic fungal species using filter traps than were obtained using funnel traps. The spores of 37 fungal species that produced fruiting bodies in the study plots were identified. Spore community composition changed considerably over time due to the emergence of ephemeral fruiting bodies and rapid spore deposition (lasting from 1 to 2 weeks), which occurred in the absence of rainfall events. For many species, the emergence of epigeous fruiting bodies was followed by a peak in the relative abundance of their airborne spores. There were significant positive relationships between fruiting body yields and spore abundance in time for five of seven fungal species. There was no relationship between fruiting body yields and their spore abundance at plot level, indicating that some of the spores captured in each plot were arriving from the surrounding areas. Differences in fungal detection capacity by spore trapping may indicate different dispersal ability between fungal species. Further research can help to identify the spore rain patterns for most common fungal species.IMPORTANCE Mushroom monitoring represents a serious challenge in economic and logistical terms because sampling approaches demand extensive field work at both the spatial and temporal scales. In addition, the identification of fungal taxa depends on the expertise of experienced fungal taxonomists. Similarly, the study of fungal dispersal has been constrained by technological limitations, especially because the morphological identification of spores is a challenging and time-consuming task. Here, we demonstrate that spores from ectomycorrhizal and saprotrophic fungal species can be identified using simple spore traps together with either MiSeq fungus-specific amplicon sequencing or species-specific quantitative real-time PCR. In addition, the proposed methodology can be used to characterize the airborne fungal community and to detect mushroom emergence in forest ecosystems.

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“…Traditionally, spore trapping has been used to detect and monitor airborne spores, particularly those of fungal pathogens (12). However, recently, spore trap methods have been combined with molecular techniques such as quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) (13,14).…”

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confidence: 99%

Mushroom Emergence Detected by Combining Spore Trapping with Molecular Techniques

Castaño

Oliva

Aragón

et al. 2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…When a collection of spins are placed in a homogeneous magnetic field, , the sample undergoes Zeeman splitting and the magnetic moments of individual spins align either in the direction of (β state) or against it (α state). This splitting results in the Boltzmann distribution given in (1), where N α and N β are the number of spins in the α and β states respectively, T is temperature (°K) the experiment is performed at. ћ is the reduced Plank's constant (1.054572 -34 ) and γ is the gyromagnetic ratio of the spin.…”

Section: Magnetic Resonance Force Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Jackson and Bayliss discuss the challenges facing current spore trapping and identification technology in order to meet bio-security requirements [1]. Majority of spore traps in use are able to collect samples, but require the samples to be indentified offsite by trained technicians which increases the identification time and risks possible contamination of the collected samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fusarium Graminearum spore detection using magnetic resonance force microscopy

Rowe

Dinh

2012

2012 25th IEEE Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (CCECE)

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In this paper, Magnetic Resonance Force Microscopy for use in the detection of mold spores is proposed. The proposed sensor uses an array of MEMS cantilevers to detect the chemical composition of a sample. That sample is adhered to the surface below the cantilever using an antifungal antibody. Using MRFM techniques, it is possible to determine the chemical composition of the sample. The sensor discussed in this paper specifically targets Fusarium Graminearum fungus. The results from this work can be expanded on for detection of other spore types. Computer simulations are used to calculate the dipole magnetic force which acts on the cantilever when an RF pulse of a given frequency is applied to the sample.

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“…Coletores ou armadilhas de esporos podem auxiliar o monitoramento do patógeno, detectando a presença de propágulos do fungo no ar, via pela qual são disseminados a longas distâncias, antes da efetiva infecção das plantas. Atualmente, há uma variação significativa nos tipos de armadilhas de esporos e nos métodos usados para capturar e identificá-los (Jackson;Bayliss, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Viabilidade técnica do kit QuickStix™ na identificação de Phakopsora pachyrhizi capturados com coletor de esporos

2014

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RESUMO: O objetivo deste trabalho foi testar a eficiência do uso dokit QuickStix™ para a identificação de esporos de Phakopsora pachyrhizi, agente causal da ferrugem asiática da soja, coletados por meio de um coletor SIGA. O kit QuickStix ® é capaz de detectar a presença de Phakopsora pachyrhizi nos estágios iniciais da infecção foliar, determinando a presença ou ausência do patógeno na amostra. Ele captura propágulos de fungos presentes no ar, que são identificados ou quantificados por varredura de lâminas em microscópio óptico comum. Foram testados diferentes números de esporos com 4, 8 e 12 gotas da solução extratora. Para os resultados positivos, foram avaliados a intensidade da linha de teste e o tempo para sua ocorrência. O kit foi capaz de detectar pequenas quantidades de esporos, sendo que a proporção de resultados positivos foi diretamente proporcional ao núme-ro de esporos e inversamente proporcional ao total de gotas. A porção adequada de gotas da solução extratora foi de quatro, pois apresentou mais resultados positivos para todas as classes dos números de esporos. Não foi possível observar uma diferença entre o tempo para a ocorrên-cia dos resultados positivos aos diferentes tratamentos. A intensidade da linha de teste foi superior para as classes com mais esporos. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: ferrugem asiática da soja; Glycine max.;manejo; armadilha de esporos. ABSTRACT:The aim of this study was to test the efficiency of QuickStix™ kit use for identification of Phakopsora pachyrhizi spores, which are the causal agents of Asian soybean rust, collected by "SIGA" spores collector. This kit is capable of detecting the presence of Phakopsora pachyrhizi in the early stages of leaf infection by determining the presence or absence of pathogen in the sample. It captures propagules of fungi present in the air that are identified or quantified by scanning blades in ordinary optical microscope. Different numbers of spores were tested with 4, 8 and 12 drops of extraction solution. For positive results, intensity of the test line and time for its occurrence were evaluated. The kit was able to detect small amounts of spores and the proportion of positive results was directly proportional to the number of spores and inversely proportional to the amount of drops. The proper portion of drops of extraction solution was four, as it showed more positive results for all classes of numbers of spores. No difference was found between the time to occurrence of positive results for the different treatments. The intensity of the test line was higher for classes with larger numbers of spores.

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Spore traps need improvement to fulfil plant biosecurity requirements

Cited by 53 publications

References 45 publications

Mushroom Emergence Detected by Combining Spore Trapping with Molecular Techniques

Mushroom Emergence Detected by Combining Spore Trapping with Molecular Techniques

Fusarium Graminearum spore detection using magnetic resonance force microscopy

Viabilidade técnica do kit QuickStix™ na identificação de Phakopsora pachyrhizi capturados com coletor de esporos

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