Spore Germination in Populations of Schizaea pusilla from New Jersey and Nova Scotia

Kiss, Helen Guiragossian; Kiss, John Z.

doi:10.1086/297606

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This stability of germinal traits between different origins agrees with results of Kiss and Kiss (1998) obtained with Schizaea pusilla populations, which showed little differences among geographically populations origins. The variation observed in our study can be attributed more to a genotypic difference than to adaptation in a particular environment.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Germination and emergence variability of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) landraces collected in Southern Tunisia oases

et al. 2011

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Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is one of the most important forage crops in the world. It has been originated from the Caucasus region (Michaud et al., 1988). The species presents purple flowers, a tap root, an erect growth habit, coiled pods and no winter dormancy. This plant improves the yield and quality of the following crops by atmospheric nitrogen fixation (Bruulsema and Christie, 1987 AbstractVariability in germination under controlled conditions with and without salt, seeds characteristics and field emergence were evaluated for 20 landraces of Medicago sativa ssp sativa, a forage legume collected from three sites in Tunisia. Highly significant differences were recorded among the landraces (p < 0.001) for all the characters studied except tegument colour. Number of seeds produced per plant ranged between 378 and 460 seeds g -1 . Emergence responses of seeds were different among landraces and sites and their values ranged between 12 to 45%. Salt stress (150 mM) caused substantial reduction in final and rate of germination of all the landraces with an average decline of 62.4 and 69.7%, respectively. Final germination values ranged from 26.5 to 75.75% when supplied distilled water. However, final germination values ranged from 10.75 to 32.5% when the seeds were exposed to saline water (150 mM). Rate of germination ranged from 12.75 to 63.25% and from 6.25 to 21.25% at non-saline and salt stress, respectively. Cluster analysis separated the 20 landraces into four clusters. Three landraces in the first cluster had the lowest germination and the greatest field emergence. One landrace composed the second cluster and showed both high germination and field emergence. Two landraces in the third cluster presented greater germination and low emergence. The other landraces constituted the fourth cluster and had intermediates emergence and germination.Additional key words: arid land; diversity; salt stress; seeds. Resumen Variabilidad en la germinación y en la emergencia de variedades autóctonas de Medicago sativa en diferentes oasis de TúnezSe evaluó la germinación en laboratorio con y sin estrés salino, así como las características de las semillas y la emergencia de 20 poblaciones de la leguminosa forrajera Medicago sativa ssp sativa, procedentes de tres localidades de Túnez. Se observaron diferencias altamente significativas entre las poblaciones (p < 0,001) en todos los caracteres estudiados excepto en el color del tegumento. El número de semillas por gramo varió entre 378 y 460. La emergencia de las semillas fue diferente entre las poblaciones y las localidades (variaron entre el 12 y el 45%). El estrés salino (150 mM) causó una fuerte reducción en todas las poblaciones, tanto en la germinación final como en el porcentaje de germinación, con una reducción media del 62,4 y 69,7%, respectivamente. Los valores de germinación finales variaron entre 26,5 y 75,75% y entre 10,75 y 32,5% con agua destilada y estrés salino, respectivamente. El porcentaje de germinación varió desde el 12,75 al 63,25% y del 6,25 al 21,25% en ...

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“…These results were in agreement with electrophoretic data of homosporous Pteridophytes compiled by Soltis and Soltis (1989), which revealed a lower interpopulational divergence caused by a high gene flow through spores due to their long dispersion distance. Kiss and Kiss (1998) in a study with Schizaea pusilla also found larger differences in the germination between individuals within populations and lower differences between geographically-separate populations. These results referred to the spores' storage conditions as well as to their culture.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Variability in the germination of spores among and within natural populations of the endangered tree fern Dicksonia sellowiana Hook. (Xaxim)

Gomes¹,

Randi

Puchalski³

et al. 2006

Braz. arch. biol. technol.

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The objective of this study was to analyze the existing variability in the germination of individuals' spores collected from two natural populations of Dicksonia sellowiana in southern Brazil. The largest intrapopulational variation was observed for the spores germination. These results suggested the existence of adaptative strategies that favored the gradual and continuous entrance of new individuals into the gametophytic population.The behavior of the individuals of the species within each population followed a similar pattern of initial development, in spite of conspicuous differences in the population structure. This showed a low differentiation between the populations and the existence of adaptative strategies which were common to both communities.

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“…Light has been found to govern the development stage of whole gametophyte (Turnwald et al 1999). Kiss and Kiss (1998) reported that light frequency in the red region is found to promote spore germination more than in far-red region. Light not only regulates the growth mechanism in haploid gametophyte, but it also affects development of sporophyte due to involvement of a photoreceptor phytochrome (Christensen et al 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Propagation of Angiopteris Evecta Using Spores

Bhatia¹,

Cupitt

Ashwath

2001

BIOTROPIA

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Techniques of establishing Angiopleris evecta plants in vitro were studied. Soaking of A. evecta spores in water for 24 hours markedly reduced spore contamination. Soaking of the spores in 1-2 % of sodium hypochlorite for less than 5 minutes allowed satisfactory disinfestation without affecting spore viability. Lower concentration of minerals (1/4 MS), presence of charcoal in the medium and exposure of the spores to light were crucial for spore germination and gainetophytc development of A. evecta.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Spore germination is considered the most efficient method of in vitro culture of ferns and lycophytes (Pence, 2008) and studies with different species can be cited (e.g. Kiss & Kiss, 1998; Bertrand, Albuerne, Fernandéz, González & Sánchez-Tamés, 1999;Fernandéz, Bertrand & Sánchez-Tamés, 1999;Kuriyama, Kobayashi & Maeda, 2004;Souza, Medeiros & Mendes, 2007).In general, studies analyzing the viability of the spores and the initial ontogenetic development of gametophytes do not refer to contamination (Bertrand, Albuerne, Fernández, González & Sánchez-Tamés, 1999;Fernandéz et al, 1999;Chen, Cheng, Liu & Jiao, 2008), despite exogenous contamination of spores is an obstacle for the success of aseptic long-term cultures (Dyer, 1979;Simabukuro, Dyer & Felippe, 1998). The substances most commonly used for plant tissue surface sterilization are ethylic alcohol and compounds with chlorine, like calcium hypochlorite and sodium hypochlorite (Wu, Ping-Tin, Li-Ping & Long-Qing, 2009).…”

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confidence: 99%

Propagación in vitro de Cyathea atrovirens (Cyatheaceae): almacenamiento de esporas y condiciones de esterilización

Vargas

Droste

2014

RBT

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Abstract:Cyathea atrovirens occurs in a wide range of habitats in Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and Argentina. In the Brazilian State of Rio Grande do Sul, this commonly found species is a target of intense exploitation, because of its ornamental characteristics. The in vitro culture is an important tool for propagation which may contribute toward the reduction of extractivism. However, exogenous contamination of spores is an obstacle for the success of aseptic long-term cultures. This study evaluated the influence of different sterilization methods combined with storage conditions on the contamination of the in vitro cultures and the gametophytic development of C. atrovirens, in order to establish an efficient propagation protocol. Spores were obtained from plants collected in Novo Hamburgo, State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. In the first experiment, spores stored at 7 o C were surface sterilized with 0.5, 0.8 and 2% of sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) for 15 minutes and sown in Meyer's culture medium. The cultures were maintained in a growth room at 26±1ºC for a 12-h photoperiod and photon flux density of 100µmol/m 2 /s provided by cool white fluorescent light. Contamination was assessed at 60 days, and gametophytic development was scored at 30, 60, 120 and 130 days of in vitro culture, analyzing 300 individuals for each treatment. There was no significant difference in culture contamination among the different sodium hypochlorite concentrations tested, and all treatments allowed for the development of cordiform gametophytes at 130 days of culture. In the second experiment, spores stored at 7 and -20°C were divided into two groups. Half of the spores were surface sterilized with 2% of NaClO for 15 minutes and the other half was not sterilized. All spores were sown in Meyer's medium supplemented with one of the following antibiotics: nystatin, Micostatin® and actidione. The culture conditions and the procedures used for evaluating contamination and gametophytic development were the same described for the first experiment. No contamination was observed in spores stored at -20°C and treated with NaClO and actidione. In all treatments, cordiform gametophytes presenting antheridia were observed at 120 days. The percentages of these gametophytes increased from 120 to 130 days and no significant differences were observed among treatments. Archegonia were observed on cordiform gametophytes at 130 days. The findings provide data relevant to in vitro propagation procedures of this species, which may increase the availability of plants for ornamental purposes, therefore contributing to the reduction of the exploitation of endangered tree ferns species. Rev. Biol. Trop. 62 (1) human action, such as roadsides (Lorscheitter, Ashraf, Windisch & Mosbrugger, 1999). Cyathea atrovirens forms 6m high caudices, with a sheath of adventitious roots at the persistent petiole bases. Petioles and leaves are, respectively, up to 1.10 and 3m long, and the laminas are bipinnate-pinnatifid to pinatilobate (Sehnem, 1978;Fernandes, 1997). The spores...

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Spore Germination in Populations of Schizaea pusilla from New Jersey and Nova Scotia

Cited by 10 publications

References 11 publications

Germination and emergence variability of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) landraces collected in Southern Tunisia oases

Variability in the germination of spores among and within natural populations of the endangered tree fern Dicksonia sellowiana Hook. (Xaxim)

In Vitro Propagation of Angiopteris Evecta Using Spores

Propagación in vitro de Cyathea atrovirens (Cyatheaceae): almacenamiento de esporas y condiciones de esterilización

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