Spore Dispersion ofTricholoma matsutakeat aPinus densifloraStand in Korea

Abstract

The spore of Tricholoma matsutake is considered to be the starting point of the mushroom growth cycle, but the mechanism of mycelial development from the spore stage is not yet clarified. In this study, we tried to measure how far the spores of T. matsutake disperse from a fruiting body located at a Pinus densiflora stand in Korea. We established 16 slide glasses coated with glycerin near a fruiting body in four directions separated by four different distance intervals within a mushroom productive stand after removing all other fruiting bodies from three plots. The number of dispersed spores increased with time from the first day (475 spores/cm2) to the fourth day (836 spores/cm2) after the pileus opened. The number of spores dispersed downward was about 1.5 times greater than that dispersed toward the ridge. The number of dispersed spores decreased exponentially as the distance from each fruiting body increased. More than 95% of the spores dropped within a meter from the fruiting body, with 75% dropping within 0.5 m. Even so, the number of spores dispersed over 5 m from the fruiting body was more than 50 million when considering the total number of spores produced by a fruiting body is about 5 billion.

Unusual genome expansion and transcription suppression in ectomycorrhizal Tricholoma matsutake by insertions of transposable elements

“…Tricholoma matsutake is an ectomycorrhizal (ECM) basidiomycete that establishes a symbiotic relationship with the roots of Pinus densiflora, giving it the name "pine mushroom" [1]. ECM fungi build an aggregated hyphal sheath that encases the whole root tip of its symbiotic partner and mediates the root's external interactions with the soil [2].…”

“…This encasing or root colonization is formed through a hyphal network called the "Hartig net", which is located inside the root cells-an anatomical pattern that is shared by the majority of ECM fungi [3,4]. The fruiting body of T. matsutake is a highly valued edible mushroom in many countries [1,5]. Unfortunately, attempts to cultivate the fruiting body have been unsuccessful, and the mechanism of mushroom development has not yet been fully understood.…”

Comparative analysis of transcriptomes revealed the molecular mechanism of development of Tricholoma matsutake at different stages of fruiting bodies

“…(Ding et al, 2019;Hou et al, 2013;You et al, 2013). With the constant discovery of the value of T. matsutake, its market demand has also increased rapidly, but the T. matsutake has not been successfully cultivated Park and Ka, 2010). The present researches on the growth of T. matsutake mainly focus on fairy ring bacteria and effects of bacterial community on the growth of T. matsutake (Oh and Lim, 2018a, b;Yamaguchi et al, 2016).…”

Unusual genome expansion and transcription suppression in ectomycorrhizal Tricholoma matsutake by repetitive insertions of transposable elements

“…This encasing or root colonization is formed through a hyphal network called the “Hartig net” that is located inside the root cells, an anatomical pattern shared by a majority of ECM fungi [3, 4]. The fruiting body of T. matsutake is a highly valued edible mushroom in many countries [1, 5]. Unfortunately, attempts to cultivate the fruiting body have been unsuccessful and the mechanism for mushroom development not yet fully understood.…”