Spore dispersal and infection of lodgepole pine by  Dothistroma septosporum in northwest British Columbia.

Boateng, Kennedy

doi:10.24124/2011/bpgub763

Cited by 5 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Marks et al (1989) also found that the amount of defoliation increased to 75% of the tree's foliage in several plantations after 10 months of very wet weather. The temporal patterns of DNB spore production and dispersal in northwestern BC have been known to occur between June and mid-September, with peak periods of spore production during the months of July and August (Boateng 2011;Braun 2009). Woods et al (2005) found a strong spatial correlation between the frequency of warm rain events and the area affected by the current epidemic in northwestern BC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…We evaluated specific a priori combinations of biologically relevant climate variables based on previous work (e.g., Peterson 1967;Gibson 1972;Parker 1972;Gadgil 1977;Boateng 2011). We considered precipitation, humidity, and temperature to be the most important climatic factors in relation to disease occurrence.…”

Section: Model Inputsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a study from Nebraska, the first splash-dispersed conidiospores were released in the spring (Peterson 1973), and under conditions of prolonged leaf wetness and temperatures above 5°C, spores were released for up to seven months (Sinclair et al 1987). In northwestern BC, where severe damage from DNB has been recorded, dispersal of conidia began in early to mid-June and ceased in mid-September (Boateng 2011). Infection can occur over a wide range of temperatures, but the severity of infection remains low except at warm temperatures (15-20°C) under continuous moisture regimes (Peterson 1967;Gadgil 1974).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Regional outbreak dynamics of Dothistroma needle blight linked to weather patterns in British Columbia, Canada

2014

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Dothistroma needle blight (DNB) has caused extensive mortality in plantations of lodgepole pine in northwestern British Columbia, Canada, and even mature pine trees in natural forests are succumbing. We examined a number of explanatory models to determine which temperature or precipitation variable is most important in explaining DNB outbreak occurrence. We compared a multicentury tree-ring outbreak reconstruction with mean monthly temperature and total monthly precipitation during the individual and seasonal spring (April, May, June) and summer (July, August, September) months. A trend towards increased August minimum temperatures appears to be an important climate factor contributing to the spread of the disease. Graphical comparisons of total April precipitation reveal that periods of above-average precipitation coincided with periods of outbreak increase. Decreases in August minimum temperature also correspond to decreases in outbreak severity. Even more pronounced was a spike in spring precipitation and its association with the current epidemic. The correspondence of past outbreaks with periods of wet and warm conditions suggests that regional climate trends drive DNB behavior. The extent and severity of the current disease epidemic raises the possibility that the key factors that drive outbreaks have become more frequent, enabling the emergence of DNB as a serious disease.Résumé : La brûlure en bandes rouges des aiguilles a causé beaucoup de mortalité dans les plantations de pin tordu latifolié du nord-ouest de la Colombie-Britannique, au Canada; il y a même des pins matures qui meurent dans les forêts naturelles. Nous avons examiné plusieurs modèles explicatifs pour déterminer quelle variable de température ou de précipitation est la plus importante pour expliquer le déclenchement des épidémies de brûlure. Nous avons comparé une reconstitution dendrochronologique des épidémies sur plusieurs siècles avec la température mensuelle moyenne et la précipitation mensuelle totale durant chaque mois de printemps (avril, mai, juin) et d'été (juillet, août, septembre) et durant chacune de ces saisons. Une tendance à l'augmentation des températures minimum au mois d'août semble être un facteur climatique important qui favorise la propagation de la maladie. Des comparaisons graphiques de la précipitation totale du mois d'avril révèlent que les périodes durant lesquelles la précipitation est supérieure à la moyenne coïncident avec les périodes durant lesquelles il y a une augmentation des épidémies. Les diminutions de la température minimum du mois d'août correspondent aussi à des diminutions de la sévérité des épidémies. L'association entre une augmentation des précipitations printanières et l'épidémie actuelle était encore plus prononcée. La correspondance des épidémies passées avec des périodes caractérisées par des conditions chaudes et humides indique que les tendances du climat régional déterminent le comportement de la brûlure. L'étendue et la sévérité de l'épidémie actuelle de la maladie soulève la possibilité q...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Model Inputsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Regional outbreak dynamics of Dothistroma needle blight linked to weather patterns in British Columbia, Canada

2014

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“…The role of species diversity on DNB outbreaks was reported in British Columbia (Woods 2003). Increasing planting distance between P. contorta trees through mixed species plantations and overall reduction in use of this species for regeneration in wet areas of British Columbia are the best strategies to reduce DNB and enhance future productivity (Boateng and Lewis 2015). Other examples include white pine blister rust (Cronartium ribicola) on five-needle Pinus species in Europe and North America and fomes root and butt rot (Heterobasidion annosum) in Pinus and Picea species (Korhonen et al 1998).…”

Section: Forest Diversificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A worldwide perspective on the management and control of Dothistroma needle blight

et al. 2016

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Summary Dothistroma needle blight (DNB) caused by Dothistroma septosporum and Dothistroma pini is a damaging disease of pine in many countries. The disease led to the abandonment of planting susceptible Pinus species in parts of Africa, Asia, Australasia, Europe and North America. Although the disease can be effectively controlled using copper fungicides, this chemical is only routinely applied in forests in New Zealand and Australia. Other management tactics aimed at making conditions less favourable for disease development, such as thinning or pruning, may be effective on some, but not all, sites. Disease avoidance, by planting non‐susceptible species, is the most common form of management in Europe, along with deployment of hosts with strong disease resistance. Although D. septosporum is present almost everywhere Pinus is grown, it is important that an effort is maintained to exclude introductions of new haplotypes that could increase virulence or enable host resistance to be overcome. A global strategy to exclude new introductions of Dothistroma and other damaging forest pathogens, facilitated by collaborative programmes and legislation, is needed.

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“…With free water available, Dothistroma conidia are released from conidiomata and disperse by water splash, throughout the growing season (Gibson et al 1964;Thyr and Shaw 1964;Peterson 1967Peterson , 1973Gadgil 1977;Rack 1986;Karadžid 1989;Boateng and Lewis 2015). Conidia germinate within 3 days at an optimum temperature of between 17 and 22°C (Gibson et al 1964;Gadgil 1967;Ivory 1967) producing numerous germ tubes, which have been observed growing randomly on the needle surface (Gadgil 1967;Ivory 1972;Peterson and Walla 1978;Muir and Cobb 2005) as well as directly towards stomata (Peterson and Walla 1978;Muir and Cobb 2005).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

A review of Pinaceae resistance mechanisms against needle and shoot pathogens with a focus on the Dothistroma–Pinus interaction

et al. 2015

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SummaryDothistroma needle blight (DNB), caused by Dothistroma septosporum and Dothistroma pini, is a highly damaging disease of pine. DNB was originally considered a problem on exotic Pinus radiata plantations in the Southern Hemisphere and on both exotic and native pines in parts of North America in the 1960s. Since the mid-1990s, however, DNB has increased in importance in various parts of the world, including Europe. On susceptible species, DNB causes premature needle drop, a loss of yield and, in some circumstances, mortality. In some areas, DNB is controlled by the application of copper-based fungicides and silvicultural techniques, such as thinning and pruning. In New Zealand, there has also been a long history of selection of more resistant P. radiata for use in breeding programmes. A richer understanding of the resistance mechanisms involved in the Dothistroma-Pinus interaction will play a critical role in helping the development of sustainable integrated DNB management strategies. This review therefore summarizes current knowledge of defence mechanisms involved in the defence of Pinaceae against needle and shoot pathogens and identifies research gaps. Collaborative research efforts from countries directly or indirectly affected by DNB are rapidly generating new knowledge to address these gaps.

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Spore dispersal and infection of lodgepole pine by Dothistroma septosporum in northwest British Columbia.

Cited by 5 publications

References 35 publications

Regional outbreak dynamics of Dothistroma needle blight linked to weather patterns in British Columbia, Canada

Regional outbreak dynamics of Dothistroma needle blight linked to weather patterns in British Columbia, Canada

A worldwide perspective on the management and control of Dothistroma needle blight

A review of Pinaceae resistance mechanisms against needle and shoot pathogens with a focus on the Dothistroma–Pinus interaction

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