Sporadically occurring functional pancreatic endocrine tumors: review of recent literature

Goldin, Steven B.; Aston, Jason; Wahi, Monika M.

doi:10.1097/cco.0b013e3282f290af

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 130 publications

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“…Sensitivity of 70% -95%. calcification, and retroperitoneal invasion [48]. By contrast, pancreatic adenocarcinomas are hypovascular; only 2% are calcified, and often have ductal obstruction.…”

Section: Othersmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The most common PNET, comprising 20% -30%, secreting insulin is the insulinoma [48]. These are single lesions, measuring less than two cm in 90% of cases [14] [26].…”

Section: Functional Pnetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As somatostatin has a short half-life, the analog octreotide labelled with indium-111 (111-DTPA octreotide) is the most common technique for detecting all gastropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours, with sensitivity of 67% -100% [48]. Though rare, octreotide has also been labelled with Gallium-67 citrate to improve detection of PNETs [53].…”

Section: Othersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most common radiological tools used in the work-up of PNETs are computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and all patients should have at least one of these to localize the tumour, determine its resectability and assess metastatic spread [48]. The sensitivity of these modalities has been reported to range from 14% -77% [40].…”

Section: Radiologic Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additional symptoms that may suggest an insulinoma include hunger, sweating and systemic involvement of the neurological (incoherence, confusion, blurred vision, headache, seizure, tremor, peripheral neuropathy), psychological (irritability, anxiety, psychosis, amnesia, personality changes), and cardiac (palpitations, diaphoresis) systems. Diagnosis is usually over 4 years after the onset of symptoms [48]. Diagnosis is based on the presence of the Whipple's triad, which includes 1) signs and symptoms of hypoglycaemia while fasting, 2) serum glucose <45 mg/dL while symptomatic, and 3) symptomatic relief with glucose administration.…”

Section: Functional Pnetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors in the 21<sup>st</sup> Century—An Update

Kanthan¹,

Senger²,

Ahmed³

et al. 2017

JCT

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Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) are rare, reported to account for less than 1% -2% of all pancreatic tumors. This, however, is likely an underestimation, as improved radiologic techniques and heightened awareness have resulted in an increase in the detection of incidentalomas, with estimations of true prevalence as high as 10%. The term "PNET" is an umbrella name that encompasses a heterogeneous group of neoplasms each with distinct clinical presentations, diagnostic radiographic features, management principles, and tumor/patient outcomes. In this context, accurate diagnosis is challenging, and management guidelines remain unclear. A high degree of clinical suspicion is required for best patient management. This manuscript provides an update on PNETs in the 21 st century, in which we re-examine the terminology, epidemiology, classification, etiopathogenesis, radiographic and histopathologic diagnostic features, management for localized and metastatic disease, as well as a review of features defining functional and non-functional PNETS, and finally deliberates on the prognosis and predictive features of this unpredictable and largely unfathomable neoplasm.

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Section: Othersmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The most common PNET, comprising 20% -30%, secreting insulin is the insulinoma [48]. These are single lesions, measuring less than two cm in 90% of cases [14] [26].…”

Section: Functional Pnetsmentioning

confidence: 99%