Sporadic Disturbances in Fluctuating Coral Reef Environments: El Niño and Coral Reef Development in the Eastern Pacific

Glynn, Peter W.; Colgan, Mitchell W.

doi:10.1093/icb/32.6.707

Cited by 85 publications

(66 citation statements)

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“…Moreover, corals like P. panamensis that live in upwelling environments such as the Bay of Panama could be more sensitive to elevated temperatures because the mean annual temperature they experience is lower than those from non-upwelling environments and the host and zooxanthellae may have limited genetic diversity (Hueerkamp et al, 2001;D'Croz and Maté, 2004). Accordingly, the thermal bleaching threshold for primary polyps might be below that reported (30-31°C) for most adult coral species in the eastern Pacific (Glynn and D'Croz, 1990;Glynn and Colgan, 1992;Podestá and Glynn, 1997;D'Croz et al, 2001;Hueerkamp et al, 2001).…”

Section: Development Of Primary Polypsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A corrosive concoction: The combined effects of ocean warming and acidification on the early growth of a stony coral are multiplicative

Anlauf

D’Croz

O’Dea

2011

Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology

121

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Section: Development Of Primary Polypsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A corrosive concoction: The combined effects of ocean warming and acidification on the early growth of a stony coral are multiplicative

Anlauf

D’Croz

O’Dea

2011

Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology

121

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“…Extensive replacement of live coral with free-living algae can lead to net erosion of reefs as a result of depletion of reef-building 01-ganisn~s (Bak 1990, Glynn & Colgan 1992, but the effects of shifts in community structure of this klnd on carbon flux and other aspects of system function are poorly understood. Unless loss of corals is extreme, the same kinds of trophic groups and qualitatively identical linkages between them describe both community states, although the precise species complement of any particular trophic group may differ The question arises whether a particular trophic group functions similarly regardless of its precise species signature (the 'redundancy' hypothesis) or whether changes in the species complement of particular trophic groups incrementally affect the system (the 'rivet' hypothesis; Chapin et al 1992).…”

Section: Effects Of Transition To An Algae-dominated Statementioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon flux on coral reefs:effects of large shifts in community structure

Johnson¹,

Klumpp²,

Field³

et al. 1995

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The effect of replacement of live coral cover by epilithic algae on patterns and magnitudes of carbon flux is examined for the shallow front slope of a midshelf reef in the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) complex of Australia. A steady-state network of carbon exchange among 19 trophic compartments is constructed for the coral-dominated state. From this, 2 scenarios for patterns of carbon flux when algae dominate are derived, viz.(1) the increase in algal production is channeled to detrital pathways (grazers do not respond), and (2) grazers utilise the increase in production of algal carbon so that transfers to detritus and grazers are in the same proportion as occurs when coral cover is high. The 3 models summarise current knowledge of carbon flux on GBR reef fronts and are compared using network analysis. Because fluxes in the reef front zone are dominated by exogenous imports and exports as a result of the high volume of water passing around and over the reef, the analyses ignore advective fluxes across the zone that are not internalised.The shift in structure to an algae-dominated system realises lower rates of benthic primary production, and thus system slze and activity (i.e. total system throughput, internal throughput, development capacity and ascendancy) are reduced, suggesting a disturbed system. With loss of coral cover, the proportion of the total flow that is recycled and transferred to the detritus pool increases (although the structure of recycling is not affected), and the balance of pathways in the network is changed: average path length increases, while the average trophic level of most of the second order consumers, and trophic efiiciencies of most trophic categories, decreases. Also, there are marked changes in dependencies of particular trophic groups on others. The analysis shows that, in the coral-dominated state, carbon fixed by zooxanthellae is used indirectly by most organisms in the system, even those seemingly remotely connected. Differences between the coral-and algae-dominated systems were much greater than differences between the 2 scenarios for the algae-dominated state. However, the exact fate of additional algae-derived carbon In the system is an important consideration since the 2 scenarios for the algae-dominated state yielded dissimilar values for some parameters (e.g. flow diversity, trophic dependencies and effective trophic levels of some compartments, relative importance of recycling, trophic efficiency of some trophic categories).

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“…The principal motivation for these studies stems from the severe El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) disturbance of 1982-1983 that devastated coral reefs and coral communities in the equatorial eastern PaciWc (Glynn 1984(Glynn , 1990Glynn and Colgan 1992;Guzmán and Cortés 1992;Prahl 1985;Robinson 1985) The equally strong 1997-1998 ENSO event also caused coral mortality and aVected coral reproduction in the eastern PaciWc (Glynn et al 2001;Colley et al 2006). To assess coral reef resilience following these disturbance events, it is necessary to investigate the reproductive ecology of corals, relating fecundity, spawning activity and recruitment of surviving species to community recovery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive ecology of the azooxanthellate coral Tubastraea coccinea in the Equatorial Eastern Pacific: Part V. Dendrophylliidae

et al. 2007

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The reproductive ecology of Tubastraea coccinea Lesson, an azooxanthellate tropical scleractinian coral, was studied over various periods from 1985 to 2006 at four principal eastern PaciWc locations in Costa Rica, Panamá, and the Galápagos Islands (Ecuador). This small (polyp diameter 0.8-1.0 cm), relatively cryptic species produced ova and planulae year round, including colonies with as few as 2-10 polyps. Of 424 colonies examined histologically, 13.7% contained both ova and sperm. Mature ova varied in diameter from »300 to 800 m and the time from spawning and fertilization of oocytes to release of brooded planulae was about 6 weeks. Planulae were 0.5-1.5 mm long and they settled and metamorphosed on a variety of substrates after 1-3 days. Spermaries, though more diYcult to distinguish in histological sections, were present throughout the year. Spent spermaries were never observed in sections, but several colonies in Panamá and the Galápagos Islands released sperm from night one to night Wve after full moon, indicating the potential for cross-fertilization among colonies. Planula release was observed at Uva Island (Panamá) in March, May, June, and July, and in general planula presence was higher at warm ocean temperatures at all sites, whether or not the sites were inXuenced by seasonal upwelling. Annual fecundity estimates for T. coccinea are comparable with other high fecundity brooding species, including the zooxanthellate Porites panamensis, with which it co-occurs in Panamá. Tubastraea coccinea is widely distributed in the tropical Indo-PaciWc and has colonized substrates in the western Atlantic. In addition to the reproductive characteristics described in the present study, other features of the biology of T. coccinea, such as an ability to withstand conditions that produce bleaching and mortality in zooxanthellate species, may account for its widespread, low-latitude distribution in multiple oceans.

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Sporadic Disturbances in Fluctuating Coral Reef Environments: El Niño and Coral Reef Development in the Eastern Pacific

Cited by 85 publications

References 0 publications

A corrosive concoction: The combined effects of ocean warming and acidification on the early growth of a stony coral are multiplicative

A corrosive concoction: The combined effects of ocean warming and acidification on the early growth of a stony coral are multiplicative

Carbon flux on coral reefs:effects of large shifts in community structure

Reproductive ecology of the azooxanthellate coral Tubastraea coccinea in the Equatorial Eastern Pacific: Part V. Dendrophylliidae

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