Spontaneously Synchronized Electrochemical Micro-oscillators with Nickel Electrodissolution

Jia, Yanxin; Kiss, István Z.

doi:10.1021/jp3047278

Cited by 23 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(112 reference statements)

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“…[1,2] Similarly, recent advances in microfabrication allow the generation of engineered networks of reaction units, e.g., with labon-chip microdroplets, [3] electrode arrays, [4,5] BZ beads, [6] or microelectrofusion. [7] The interplays between local reaction kinetics (nodes), the physical processes that create coupling (link), and the architecture of the network in such systems can lead to a wealth of self-organized phenomena, including synchronization, [4,6,8] stationary Turing and oscillatory patterns, [9,10,11,12,13] or excitation waves.…”

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confidence: 99%

Self‐Organized Stationary Patterns in Networks of Bistable Chemical Reactions

et al. 2016

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Experiments with a network of bistable electrochemical reactions, organized in regular and non-regular tree networks, are presented to confirm an alternative to Turing mechanism for formation selforganized stationary patterns. The results show that the pattern formation can be described by identification of domains that can be activated individually or in combinations. The method was also demonstrated to localization of chemical reactions to network substructures and identification of critical sites whose activation results in complete activation of the system. While the experiments were performed with a specific nickel electrodissolution system, they reproduce all the salient dynamical behavior of a general network model with a single nonlinearity parameter. This indicates that the considered pattern formation mechanism is very robust and similar behavior can thus be expected in other natural or engineered networked systems, which exhibit, at least locally, a tree-like structure.In biological context, many chemical reactions take place in discrete units, e.g., in cells, that form a complex network. The interplays between local reaction kinetics (nodes), the physical processes that create coupling (link), and the architecture of the network in such systems can lead to a wealth of self-organized phenomena, including synchronization, [4,6,8] stationary Turing and oscillatory patterns, [9,10,11,12,13] or excitation waves. [14,15,16] Stationary patterns generated via the Turing[17] mechanism have been observed in experiments for both continuous [18] and networked [19] systems. Here, an alternative mechanism for emergence of stationary patterns in networks is experimentally explored. We focus on network-organized systems of bistable elements with diffusive connections between them. Bistable elements can be found in a broad class of chemical reactions (e.g., with autocatalysis [20,21]) but also in cellular [22] and engineered systems.[23] Such elements can have local or diffusive connections between them. For regular lattices and linear chains (i.e., for relatively simple networks), it is known that, under sufficiently weak coupling, the fronts fail to propagate, and thus stationary domains can be formed, [24,25,26,27] whereas at strong coupling the fronts spread [27,28] and a uniform state is eventually established. Recently, analogues phenomena were theoretically investigated for complex 1

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confidence: 99%

Self‐Organized Stationary Patterns in Networks of Bistable Chemical Reactions

et al. 2016

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“…[15] In the previous study the amplitude and current level of the oscillations were nearly constant, and thus the oscillations were weakly heterogeneous; in addition, it was very difficult to obtain a reproducible small-amplitude oscillation that was stable for a long time in the microfluidic system. In the spatially distributed pattern without resistance balancing presented in Figure 11, the electrodes exhibit robust oscillations, even though the most upstream electrode has small amplitudes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The electrodes were polarized with a potentiostat (Gamry Reference 600) and the currents of the electrodes were measured with a zero-resistance ammeter box (further details of the experiments are given in a previous publication). [15] To obtain current oscillations, small external individual resistances, R ext = 80 and 10 kW, were applied in series with each nickel WE for the two-and seven-electrode systems, respectively. (The seven-electrode system required smaller external resistance for the current oscillations to occur because of the larger total current.)…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[15] The typical response was synchronized oscillations, which is different from the desynchronized behavior observed with macrocells (without external resistance circuitry).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…[15,16] In the flow channel there is a relatively large ohmic potential drop along the channel that can create strongly nonuniform potential distribution and unusually disparate activity between different parts of the electrode. [17] In the previous investigation, [15] as a major simplification of the complicated form of the interactions, different amounts of external resistances were connected to each individual electrode to compensate for the difference of solution resistances. In this framework, the complex response of the system was formulated as…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatially Distributed Current Oscillations with Electrochemical Reactions in Microfluidic Flow Cells

et al. 2015

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The formation of spatiotemporal patterns is investigated by using a chemical reaction on the surface of a high-aspect-ratio metal electrode positioned in a flow channel. A partial differential equation model is formulated for nickel dissolution in sulfuric acid in a microfluidic flow channel. The model simulations predict oscillatory patterns that are spatially distributed on the electrode surface; the downstream portion of the metal surface exhibits large-amplitude, nonlinear oscillations of dissolution rates, whereas the upstream portion displays small-amplitude, harmonic oscillations with a phase delay. The features of the dynamical response can be interpreted by the dependence of local dynamics on the widely varying surface conditions and the presence of strong coupling. The patterns can be observed for both contiguous and segmented metal surfaces. The existence of spatially distributed current oscillations is confirmed in experiments with Ni electrodissolution in a microfluidic device. The results show the impact of a widely heterogeneous environment on the types of patterns of chemical reaction rates.

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Self‐Organized Stationary Patterns in Networks of Bistable Chemical Reactions

et al. 2016

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Experiments with networks of discrete reactive bistable electrochemical elements organized in regular and nonregular tree networks are presented to confirm an alternative to the Turing mechanism for the formation of self-organized stationary patterns. The results show that the pattern formation can be described by the identification of domains that can be activated individually or in combinations. The method also enabled the localization of chemical reactions to network substructures and the identification of critical sites whose activation results in complete activation of the system. Although the experiments were performed with a specific nickel electrodissolution system, they reproduced all the salient dynamic behavior of a general network model with a single nonlinearity parameter. Thus, the considered pattern-formation mechanism is very robust, and similar behavior can be expected in other natural or engineered networked systems that exhibit, at least locally, a treelike structure

show abstract

Spontaneously Synchronized Electrochemical Micro-oscillators with Nickel Electrodissolution

Cited by 23 publications

References 57 publications

Self‐Organized Stationary Patterns in Networks of Bistable Chemical Reactions

Self‐Organized Stationary Patterns in Networks of Bistable Chemical Reactions

Spatially Distributed Current Oscillations with Electrochemical Reactions in Microfluidic Flow Cells

Self‐Organized Stationary Patterns in Networks of Bistable Chemical Reactions

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