Spontaneous Tumor Lysis Syndrome in an Infant: A Case Report

Shenoy, Mamatha T.; D’Souza, Benedicta; Akshatha, L. N.; D’Souza, Vivian; Rajan, Madan Gopal

doi:10.1007/s12291-014-0472-y

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 6 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“… 11 , 16 , 17 Spontaneous TLS without any obvious trigger is rare but has been increasingly documented in Burkitt’s lymphoma. 18 – 20 The clinical manifestations of TLS include nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, muscle cramps, paraesthesia, oedema, congestive heart failure, cardiac dysrhythmias, seizure and sudden death. 9 , 11 The release of intracellular metabolites can overwhelm the normal homeostatic mechanism and can cause hyperkalaemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcaemia, hyperuricemia and acute renal failure.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutics for paediatric oncological emergencies

Leung¹,

Hon²,

Hui³

et al. 2021

DIC

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Background With advancements in the field of oncology, cancer survival rates have improved dramatically but modern cancer treatments also come with an increasing number of disease and treatment-associated complications. This article provides an updated narrative review on the pathophysiology, clinical presentations and latest management strategies for common paediatric oncological emergencies. Methods An extensive PubMed ® search of all human studies in the English literature was performed in Clinical Queries for different oncology syndromes and conditions using the following Medical Subject Headings: “tumour lysis syndrome”, “hyperleukocytosis”, “disseminated intravascular coagulation”, “superior mediastinal syndrome”, “superior vena cava syndrome”, “sepsis”, “severe inflammatory response syndrome”, “acute respiratory distress syndrome”, “posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome” and “reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome”. Categories were limited to clinical trials and reviews for ages from birth to 18 years. Results The general description, presentation and management of these oncologic emergencies are systematically described. Early recognition along with prompt and proactive treatment can reduce the chances of potential complications and improve the clinical outcomes, thereby improving not only survival rates in oncology patients but also their clinical outcomes and quality of life. Conclusions Oncologic emergencies are associated with significant mortality and morbidity. Healthcare professionals involved with the care of oncology patients must be vigilant of these emergencies.

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Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutics for paediatric oncological emergencies

Leung¹,

Hon²,

Hui³

et al. 2021

DIC

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Current understanding of tumor lysis syndrome

Rahmani

Patel

Seyam

et al. 2019

Hematological Oncology

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Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is an oncologic emergency from the intracellular release of material in lysing malignant cells. The earlier it is treated, the less likely it is to be harmful to an individual and spread through the body. Common complications of TLS include arrhythmias, which are caused by hypocalcemia or hyperkalemia, renal failures due to hyperuricemia or hyperphosphatemia, and seizures. Furthermore, the risk to develop TLS varies widely based on several factors including factors that are related to disease, the patient, and the treatment of the patient. Laboratory data can be used to gauge the severity of TLS based on patient serum levels for specific markers. On the contrary, evidence of TLS via radiological imaging and electrocardiogram findings has been a limited way to evaluate TLS, indicating the need for further research in this area. Common trends of treatment have also been seen in the past several years, evident by case studies seen in the following literature review.

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