Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma presenting as an acute ischaemic stroke

Serôdio, Miguel; Lorga, Tiago; Ramos, João Nuno; Marto, João Pedro; Bugalho, Paulo

doi:10.1007/s13760-022-01910-7

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Although there is currently no clear consensus on the causes of hemorrhage, most scholars believe it is related to coagulation function [3]. Furthermore, due to its acute onset in most patients, some scholars believe that the etiology of hematoma is primarily related to arterial dysfunctions [4] , while others have linked it to vascular malformations [5] . Despite these inconsistencies on the causes of hemorrhage, there is currently a scholarly agreement that the absence of valves in the spinal cord's epidural venous plexus may lead to a spontaneous rupture of blood vessels and hematoma occurrence when there is a sudden increase in intraluminal pressure or when there is a pre-existing vascular pathology [6] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspirin-related acute cervical epidural hematoma: A case report

li,

zhu,

sun

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspirin-related acute cervical epidural hematoma: A case report

li,

zhu,

sun

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…Neck pain appeared at the onset of disease in most cases and could be a potential predictor of spinal epidural hematoma [13,19,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. However, some patients could only have neck pain with radiculopathy similar to cervical spondylopathy and could easily be ignored [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to Avoid Misdiagnosing Spontaneous Cervical Spinal Epidural Hematoma as Ischemic Stroke: 3 Case Reports and Literature Review

Cui

et al. 2022

Cerebrovasc Dis

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When spontaneous cervical spinal epidural hematoma (SCEH) presents with hemiparesis, it can be misdiagnosed with ischemic stroke (IS), and the treatment of IS such as thrombolysis may deteriorate the symptoms of patients with SCEH, leading to worse sequelae or even death. We reported 3 SCEH patients who were initially suspected as IS in our center between Jun 2020 and April 2022 and analyzed their clinical characteristics together with 48 patients reported in the literature from Jan 1995 to April 2022. Two of the 3 SCEH patients had neck symptoms, while none of them presented cranial nerve symptoms. Cranial computed tomography (CT) scans were negative; however, abnormal signals in the cervical spinal canal were observed during cranial computed tomography angiography (CTA) and subsequent cervical CT confirmed the diagnosis of SCEH. All of them avoid mistreatment with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA). Subsequently, we analyzed the clinical characteristics of a total of 51 patients. Thirteen of them developed symptoms during activity. Neck pain was an important sign of SCEH because 35 patients had neck pain or neck discomfort. Sensory impairment was reported in a small proportion of patients (11/51), which varied a lot in the patients. Some special manifestations highly suggested spinal cord lesions and provided evidence for the early differential diagnosis of SCEH and stroke, but the incidence of which was quite low: ipsilateral Horner syndrome in 2 patients, Brown-Séquard syndrome in 2 cases, and Lhermitte’s sign in 1 case. Only a minority (8/51) of the patients were correctly diagnosed at the emergency unit using cervical CT. Six patients were correctly diagnosed when performing CTA. A large portion of the cases (21/51) were first misdiagnosed as IS, but no responsible lesions were found on cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and subsequent cervical MRI confirmed the diagnosis. Sixteen patients were diagnosed with SCEH after the deterioration of symptoms. A total of 13 patients received rt-PA, and 10 of them had symptoms aggravation after thrombolysis. For patients with acute onset of hemiparesis but without cranial nerve symptoms, especially those accompanied by clinical features such as neck pain, ipsilateral Horner syndrome, Brown-Séquard syndrome, and Lhermitte’s sign, SCEH should be highly suspected rather than stroke. Careful differential diagnosis should be performed with a comprehensive medical history and thorough physical examination. Cervical CT scan is a reasonable choice for quick differential diagnosis prior to administering potentially harmful therapy, especially rt-PA.

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Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma presenting as an acute ischaemic stroke

Cited by 2 publications

References 5 publications

Aspirin-related acute cervical epidural hematoma: A case report

Aspirin-related acute cervical epidural hematoma: A case report

How to Avoid Misdiagnosing Spontaneous Cervical Spinal Epidural Hematoma as Ischemic Stroke: 3 Case Reports and Literature Review

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