Spontaneous Resolution of a Tracheoesophageal Fistula Caused by Button Battery Ingestion

Successful conservative management of an acquired tracheoesophageal fistula

“…Endoscopy, a less invasive procedure, is therefore important as an alternative to surgical intervention. A number of previous studies have reported the spontaneous closure of TEF, 2–4 but to date there are no reports of successful TEF management using trafermin. It has been authorized for use by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare of Japan and has been widely applied to skin ulcers and has also been used to promote wound healing and to plug persistent fistulae due to ischemic colitis or postoperative complications in the colon 5 .…”

Surgical management of benign cervical tracheoesophageal fistulas: A single-tertiary academic institution experience

“…Due to these reasons and the fact that spontaneous healing is extremely rare, surgery should be considered as the first line therapy [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. To optimize surgical outcomes, a good preparation of the patient is essential before surgery: the lung infection must be resolved, a correct diet must be guaranteed (indwelling nasogastric tube or a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy) and, when possible, the patient must have been weaned from invasive ventilation.…”