Spontaneous pneumothoraces, pneumomediastinum, and pneumoperitoneum

Uva, Jane L.

doi:10.1097/00006565-199702000-00008

Cited by 38 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…8,36,57 Review of the health records and the history should focus on identifying a predisposing or a triggering factor (including inhalation of drugs in adolescents, which often involves a Valsalva maneuver). 18,36,40,41,43,58 The physical examination should assess the extension of subcutaneous emphysema and search for the classical Hamman sign, which is almost pathognomonic 59 and consists of precordial systolic crepitation, sometimes associated with a reduction in heart sounds. 60 Evidence for asthma or other underlying causes should also be searched for.…”

Section: Clinical Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum in children

et al. 2001

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Section: Clinical Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum in children

et al. 2001

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“…2 Spontaneous pneumomediastinum commonly presents without the history of a precipitating event. 2,4 However, in review of case reports, SPM had been associated with activities that result in Valsalva maneuver, such as childbirth, 7,10 sneezing, 11 cough, 4,12 shouting, 7 pulmonary function testing, 13,14 sports-related physical exertion, 15,16 use of illicit drugs, 6,17 and after inflation of party balloons. 18 Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is also associated with asthma, barotrauma, or vomiting.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum

Rafailov

Chao

2010

Pediatric Emergency Care

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We report 2 cases of spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM) with clinical presentations similar to pericarditis, including positional chest pain, tachycardia, a precordial rub, and electrocardiographic changes. Chest radiography is the most commonly used imaging modality for diagnosis, but the findings may be subtle. In select patients, a more extensive diagnostic approach is warranted. Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is self-limiting, and the risk of recurrence is negligible. These cases serve to illustrate the need to include spontaneous pneumomediastinum in the differential diagnosis of pericarditis.

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“…Pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, pneumopericardium, and even pneumoperitoneum have all been reported following cocaine abuse. 1,5,8 Surgical intervention is usually necessary in patients with pneumoperitoneum, while pneumomediastinum and pneumopericardium are typically treated more conservatively by observation. Small pneumothoraces can be left untreated with monitoring, while large pneumothoraces should prompt chest tube insertion to obviate the development of life-threatening tension.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%