Spontaneous pneumomediastinum in a patient with fibrosing alveolitis

Thin-section CT assessment of spontaneous pneumomediastinum in interstitial lung disease: Correlation with serial changes in lung parenchymal abnormalities

“…O'Connor and Thomas. 3 described a case of pneumomediastinum in a patient with fibrosing alveolitis. Fibrosing alveolitis produces area of uneven lung expansion, with hyperinflation and areas of atelectasis.…”

“…A variety of causes of pneumomediastinum have been described including mediastinal, pulmonary, chest wall, and even retroperitoneal pathologies resulting from trauma, infection, connective tissue disorder, assisted ventilation, and trivial routine life activity such as vigorous coughing, vomiting, or deep respiratory efforts. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Recently, researchers have reported that spontaneous pneumomediastinum occurred in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). 15,16 Spontaneous pneumomediastinum has been reported to be a rare complication of various types of interstitial lung disease, including idiopathic interstitial pneumonia [1][2][3] and connective tissue disorder.…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Recently, researchers have reported that spontaneous pneumomediastinum occurred in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). 15,16 Spontaneous pneumomediastinum has been reported to be a rare complication of various types of interstitial lung disease, including idiopathic interstitial pneumonia [1][2][3] and connective tissue disorder. [4][5][6][7][8] However, previous series and case reports of pneumomediastinum associated with interstitial lung disease focused on precipitating factors, clinical presentation, and pathogenesis.…”

Persistent Pneumomediastinum and Dermatomyositis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

“…Although the association of interstitial lung disease [2] and lung cancer [3] with polymyositis and dermatomyositis is well established, the occurrence of a spontaneous pneumomediastinum in these conditions is relatively rare. Spontaneous pneumomediastinum has been reported in a patient with fibrosing alveolitis [4] and in a few patients with pulmonary fibrosis associated with rheumatoid arthritis [5], systemic lupus erythematosus [6], or of unspecified aetiology [7]. From a review of the English and French literature, it appears that 23 cases (excluding ours) of pneumomediastinum associated with polymyositis and dermatomyositis have been reported [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] since it was first described in 1986 [8].…”

Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum in a Case of Mixed Connective Tissue Disorder

“…It is a rare condition associated with several pulmonary disorders such as bronchial asthma and emphysema and it can also occur in apparently healthy individuals [1]. Very rarely intestinal lung disorders may be associated with a spontaneous pneumomediastinum [2]. We describe a patient with mixed connective tissue disorder (MCTD) who developed pneumomediastinum during treatment.…”