2019
DOI: 10.1155/2019/6972731
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Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum and Subcutaneous Emphysema following Cocaine Inhalation and Ecstasy Ingestion

Abstract: Spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM) and subcutaneous emphysema are rare complications of illicit drug abuse. Thorough history, examination, and investigations are required to rule out fatal complications such as oesophageal perforation. We present a case of a 21-year-old male presenting with pleuritic chest pain one day after cocaine inhalation and ingesting ecstasy. Conservative supportive management is appropriate when this occurs spontaneously without radiological evidence of visceral perforation.

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Cited by 3 publications
(7 citation statements)
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“…However, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of pneumomediastinum following oral administration of baclofen. In this regard, belching or vomiting, boerhaave syndrome, tracheal, esophageal, baro-, or iatrogenic trauma with rupture could cause PM [ 12 , 13 ]. A positive history of respiratory problems, such as bronchial asthma or COPD, and a smoking or drinking habit are also associated with PM [ 12 , 13 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of pneumomediastinum following oral administration of baclofen. In this regard, belching or vomiting, boerhaave syndrome, tracheal, esophageal, baro-, or iatrogenic trauma with rupture could cause PM [ 12 , 13 ]. A positive history of respiratory problems, such as bronchial asthma or COPD, and a smoking or drinking habit are also associated with PM [ 12 , 13 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Other than influenzas, the infectious causes of SPM and SE also include tuberculosis [9] and chronic sinusitis with recurrent aggressive coughs [10]. Non-infectious causes can be due to cocaine use with 3,4-Methylenedioxy methamphetamine (MDMA) [11].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…El enfisema subcutáneo (y otras alteraciones asociadas) pueden ser una complicación, aunque infrecuente, del consumo de cocaína, habiéndose descrito varios casos en la literatura [116][117][118][119][120][121][122][123][124].…”
Section: Enfisema Subcutáneo Cervicalunclassified
“…El mecanismo fisiopatológico exacto todavía se desconoce, pero se cree que está en relación con el barotrauma producido con la inhalación de cocaína. Este se produce tras la inhalación profunda y la maniobra de Valsalva que realizan los consumidores con el fin de aumentar el efecto de la sustancia; lo que aumenta la presión alveolar y el gradiente broncovascular y puede producir una ruptura alveolar marginal (lo que se conoce como efecto Macklin), bronquial o incluso a nivel traqueal [121][122][123][124]. El aire puede llegar hasta el mediastino y posteriormente avanzar por la fascia cervical profunda provocando enfisema subcutáneo [116,[120][121][122][123][124].…”
Section: Enfisema Subcutáneo Cervicalunclassified
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