Spontaneous Osteonecrosis of the Knee in Macaca mulatta

Abstract

Spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee (SONK) is a common disease in elderly humans. Clinically, SONK presents with the sudden onset of severe knee joint pain, usually in the load-bearing area of the medial compartment of the knee. Articular cartilage lesions are secondary to subchondral trabecular bone necrosis. These biochemical and structural changes in the bone and cartilage alter the Int