Spontaneous mirror-symmetry breaking in coupled photonic-crystal nanolasers

Hamel, Philippe; Haddadi, S.; Raineri, Fabrice; Monnier, P.; Beaudoin, G.; Sagnes, I.; Levenson, Ariel; Yacomotti, A. M.

doi:10.1038/nphoton.2015.65

Cited by 181 publications

(185 citation statements)

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“…We consider two cavities with Kerr nonlinearity [42] that are coupled by tunneling [18,36]. The cavities are coherently driven in a dissipative setting, with both drive and dissipation acting equally on both sites.…”

Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two coupled nonlinear cavities in a driven-dissipative environment

2016

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We investigate two coupled nonlinear cavities that are coherently driven in a dissipative environment. We perform semiclassical, numerical and analytical quantum studies of this dimer model when both cavities are symmetrically driven. In the semiclassical analysis, we find steady-state solutions with different photon occupations in two cavities. Such states can be considered analogs of the closed system double well symmetry breaking states. We analyze the occurrence and properties of these localized states in the system parameter space and examine how the symmetry breaking states, in form of a bistable pair, are associated to the single cavity bistable behavior. In a full quantum calculation of the master equation dynamics that includes quantum fluctuations, the symmetry breaking states and bistability disappear due to the quantum fluctuations. In quantum trajectory picture, we observe enhanced quantum jumps and switching which indicate the presence of the underlying semiclassical symmetry breaking states. Finally, we present a set of analytical solutions for the steady state correlation functions using the complex P-representation and discuss its regime of validity.

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Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two coupled nonlinear cavities in a driven-dissipative environment

2016

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“…Over the last decade, building a system of closely neighbored optical microcavities has been proved to be an effective way to manipulate and regulate resonant light, [1][2][3] which has indi cated great potentials for various applications such as single mode lasing, [4][5][6][7] optical flipflops, [8,9] selfreferenced sensing, [10] coherently transfer excitation of separated quantum emit ters, [11,12] and tunable frequencycomb generation. [13] Optical mode interaction in coupled cavities is an analog to the electron states in a chemical molecule.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strong Coupling in a Photonic Molecule Formed by Trapping a Microsphere in a Microtube Cavity

Wang

Yin

et al. 2017

Advanced Optical Materials

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role for the efficient intercavity coupling. However, the evanescent field is relatively weak in the reported photonic mole cules because most of the optical field is strongly confined within the coupled cavities (e.g., microdisks, [4,8,11,18] micro toroids, [19] microspheres, [3] microrods, [5,20] and microfibers [7] ). As such, one needs a deliberate control on both the cavity geometries and the intercavity coupling gap to ensure a good spectral match and efficient evanescent coupling between the coupled cavities. [18] Moreover, dynamic tuning of the intercavity coupling strength has been investigated in recent years, which were carried out by advanced and sophisticated techniques such as strain tuning, [21,22] acoustooptic control, [23] and precise micromanipulation techniques. [3] To extend and promote the research in the field of photonic molecules, it is of high interest to design novel photonic molecules extending from adjacent solid microcavities to thinwalled hollow cavities which possess intense evanescent field facilitating intercavity coupling and provide novel strategy for tuning of the coupling strength.Microtube cavities, which are formed by selfrolling of pre strained nanomembranes, feature unique properties such as hollowcore structures and ultrathin cavity walls (≈100-300 nm) for the study of lightmatter interactions and the integration of "labinatube" systems. [24][25][26][27] These key merits enable extensive applications ranging from optofluidic sensing, [28][29][30][31] single cell analysis, [32] dynamic molecular process detection, [33] photon plasmon coupling, [34] to optical spin-orbit coupling.[35] To combine with other media/objects, luminescent quantum dots, [36,37] quantum wells, [38] and organic molecules [39] have been enwrapped into the microtube wall by the rolling up process, which couple photoluminescence (PL) light to the microtube cavities to support whisperinggallery mode (WGM) resonances. [37,40] In this context, a design and demonstration of photonic molecule based on microtube cavity is of fundamental interest for the study of strong optical coupling and the promo tion of its potential applications.Herein, we report a novel design of photonic molecule by trapping a microsphere cavity into the hollow core of a rolled up microtube cavity. We focus on studying the WGM coupling between the trapped microsphere and microtube cavity with a significant difference of cavity sizes, which is in contrast to pre vious reports where the two externally adjacent microcavities possess highly similar sizes [11,12,41] or slightly mismatched sizes (less than two times). [4][5][6][7]18,[42][43][44] Periodic modulations on A photonic molecule formed by trapping a microsphere cavity into a hollow microtube cavity is demonstrated, which provides a novel design over conventional photonic molecules comprised of solid-core whispering gallery mode microcavities with externally tangent configuration. Periodic spectral modulations of mode intensity, resonant mode shift, and quality factor are observed...

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“…[32,33] Photonic molecules constitute a powerful benchmark for a nanophotonics technology due to their remarkable sensitivity to fabrication imperfections. In fact, while the coupling of two nominally identical cavities results in a mode splitting proportional to the coupling strength, fabrication imperfections produce detuning that can lead to an uncoupled system.…”

Section: Doi: 101002/adma201704425mentioning

confidence: 99%

Inkjet‐Printed Nanocavities on a Photonic Crystal Template

et al. 2017

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the possibility of creating nanocavities by depositing a low-refractive-index polymer on a photonic crystal waveguide. [14][15][16][17] This is suggestive of the technological and scientific potential that could be realized by bringing patterned unconventional low-refractive-index materials into intimate contact with conventional inorganic PhC templates: on the one hand, the production of photonic devices by postprocessing a generic, mass-produced, photonic crystal template; on the other hand, new device architecture/functionalities and fundamental light-matter interaction studies through the wealth of solution-processable nano-, hybrid, and soft materials that have emerged over the last decade. However, this potential has been frustrated thus far, as the approaches pursued to date for the deposition of the low-refractive-index materials relied on e-beam or UV exposure technique, both being highly material specific and requiring multiple complex fabrication steps.Here we propose and demonstrate the printing of nanocavities using an electrohydrodynamic jet printer with femtoliter droplet delivery [18][19][20] on a generic 2D photonic crystal template. Our free-form, bottom-up approach offers the possibility of assigning by design any solution processable material on the surface of a photonic crystal in a single fabrication step. In the following, we demonstrate the fine tuning of the cavity emission and the reproducible printing of nanocavities with high Q factors, which also enable the fabrication of photonic molecules with controllable splitting. Three different cavity designs areThe last decade has witnessed the rapid development of inkjet printing as an attractive bottom-up microfabrication technology due to its simplicity and potentially low cost. The wealth of printable materials has been key to its widespread adoption in organic optoelectronics and biotechnology. However, its implementation in nanophotonics has so far been limited by the coarse resolution of conventional inkjet-printing methods. In addition, the low refractive index of organic materials prevents the use of "soft-photonics" in applications where strong light confinement is required. This study introduces a hybrid approach for creating and fine tuning high-Q nanocavities, involving the local deposition of an organic ink on the surface of an inorganic 2D photo nic crystal template using a commercially available high-resolution inkjet printer. The controllability of this approach is demonstrated by tuning the resonance of the printed nanocavities by the number of printer passes and by the fabrication of photonic crystal molecules with controllable splitting. The versatility of this method is evidenced by the realization of nanocavities obtained by surface deposition on a blank photonic crystal. A new method for a free-form, high-density, material-independent, and highthroughput fabrication technique is thus established with a manifold of opportunities in photonic applications.

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Spontaneous mirror-symmetry breaking in coupled photonic-crystal nanolasers

Cited by 181 publications

References 38 publications

Two coupled nonlinear cavities in a driven-dissipative environment

Two coupled nonlinear cavities in a driven-dissipative environment

Strong Coupling in a Photonic Molecule Formed by Trapping a Microsphere in a Microtube Cavity

Inkjet‐Printed Nanocavities on a Photonic Crystal Template

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