Spontaneous K-Complexes may be biomarkers of the progression of amnestic mild cognitive impairment

Liu, Shunjie; Pan, Junhao; Lei, Qiong; Hé, Lǚ; Zhong, Bingting; Meng, Yangyang; Zhong, Li

doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2019.10.015

Cited by 16 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…No difference was found within the three groups in the duration of the KC[ 18 ] . The first prospective cohort study[ 24 ] on KC-complexes in aMCI confirms most of these results. In this study, the sleep of both aMCI and EIC was recorded after specific time intervals during a follow-up period of 2 years.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 52%

How non-rapid eye movement sleep and Alzheimer pathology are linked

Falter¹,

Bossche²

2021

WJP

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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the presence of senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Research attempts to identify characteristic factors that are associated with the presence of the AD pathology on the one hand and that increase the risk of developing AD on the other. Changes in non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep may meet both requirements for various reasons. First, NREM-sleep is important for optimal memory function. In addition, studies report that the presence of AD pathology is associated with NREM-sleep changes. Finally, more and more results appear to suggest that sleep problems are not only a symptom of AD but can also increase the risk of AD. Several of these studies suggest that it is primarily a lack of NREM-sleep that is responsible for this increased risk. However, the majority investigated sleep only through subjective reporting, as a result of which NREM-sleep could not be analyzed separately. The aim of this literature study is therefore to present the results of the studies that relate the AD pathology and NREM-sleep (registered by electroencephalography). Furthermore, we try to evaluate whether NREM-sleep analysis could be used to support the diagnosis of AD and whether NREM-sleep deficiency could be a causal factor in the development of AD.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 52%

How non-rapid eye movement sleep and Alzheimer pathology are linked

Falter¹,

Bossche²

2021

WJP

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“…However, K-complexes can also provide a sensitive marker of sensory disturbance to noise, respiratory and vibratory stimuli during sleep (Colrain, 2005;Scott et al, 2020;Lechat et al, 2021). Abnormal K-complex morphology (lower amplitude) and lower K-complex density (# per minutes) have been associated with the progression of amnestic mild cognitive impairment (pre-clinical phase of Alzheimer's disease) in ∼70 patients (Liu et al, 2020). Abnormal K-complex morphology has also been associated with greater lapses in next-day alertness as measured using a psychomotor vigilance task (Parekh et al, 2019(Parekh et al, , 2021.…”

Section: K-complexesmentioning

confidence: 99%

New and Emerging Approaches to Better Define Sleep Disruption and Its Consequences

et al. 2021

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Current approaches to quantify and diagnose sleep disorders and circadian rhythm disruption are imprecise, laborious, and often do not relate well to key clinical and health outcomes. Newer emerging approaches that aim to overcome the practical and technical constraints of current sleep metrics have considerable potential to better explain sleep disorder pathophysiology and thus to more precisely align diagnostic, treatment and management approaches to underlying pathology. These include more fine-grained and continuous EEG signal feature detection and novel oxygenation metrics to better encapsulate hypoxia duration, frequency, and magnitude readily possible via more advanced data acquisition and scoring algorithm approaches. Recent technological advances may also soon facilitate simple assessment of circadian rhythm physiology at home to enable sleep disorder diagnostics even for “non-circadian rhythm” sleep disorders, such as chronic insomnia and sleep apnea, which in many cases also include a circadian disruption component. Bringing these novel approaches into the clinic and the home settings should be a priority for the field. Modern sleep tracking technology can also further facilitate the transition of sleep diagnostics from the laboratory to the home, where environmental factors such as noise and light could usefully inform clinical decision-making. The “endpoint” of these new and emerging assessments will be better targeted therapies that directly address underlying sleep disorder pathophysiology via an individualized, precision medicine approach. This review outlines the current state-of-the-art in sleep and circadian monitoring and diagnostics and covers several new and emerging approaches to better define sleep disruption and its consequences.

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“…Moreover, such centro-parietal reduction of sleep spindles was higher in patients with full-blown AD than MCI subjects [130]. Interestingly, both decreased KC and sleep spindles activity were associated with the degree of cognitive impairment [126,127,129,133,135]. Recently, a cross-sectional evaluation in patients with isolated subjective cognitive complaints or MCI showed that the level of cognitive decline was associated with reduced delta, theta, sigma power and maximal spindle amplitude in NREM sleep, while alterations of spindle features, self-reported sleep complaints and sleep consolidation were associated with cognitive impairment at 1-year follow-up [136].…”

Section: Electrophysiological Alterations Of Nrem Sleep With the Progression Of The Ad Pathologymentioning

confidence: 97%

“…These studies showed reduced KC density in AD [126,127,129] and decreased KC amplitude in AD and MCI [129]. Interestingly, a recent longitudinal study found that KC density and amplitude decrease with time in both healthy elderly and amnesic MCI (aMCI), but the latter exhibited a greater decrease rate [133]. Moreover, with the progression of aMCI, significant differences in the KC phenomenology were observed between healthy and pathological groups, while no difference was observed at the early MCI stage [133].…”

Section: Electrophysiological Alterations Of Nrem Sleep With the Progression Of The Ad Pathologymentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Interestingly, a recent longitudinal study found that KC density and amplitude decrease with time in both healthy elderly and amnesic MCI (aMCI), but the latter exhibited a greater decrease rate [133]. Moreover, with the progression of aMCI, significant differences in the KC phenomenology were observed between healthy and pathological groups, while no difference was observed at the early MCI stage [133]. A reduction of sleep spindle activity has also been observed in AD and MCI compared to healthy elderly [125,129,134,135], mainly in terms of decreased centro-parietal fast (13-16 Hz) spindle density [125,135].…”

Section: Electrophysiological Alterations Of Nrem Sleep With the Progression Of The Ad Pathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sleep-Based Interventions in Alzheimer’s Disease: Promising Approaches from Prevention to Treatment along the Disease Trajectory

et al. 2021

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The multifactorial nature of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has led scientific researchers to focus on the modifiable and treatable risk factors of AD. Sleep fits into this context, given the bidirectional relationship with AD confirmed by several studies over the last years. Sleep disorders appear at an early stage of AD and continue throughout the entire course of the pathology. Specifically, sleep abnormalities, such as more fragmented sleep, increase in time of awakenings, worsening of sleep quality and primary sleep disorders raise with the severity and progression of AD. Intervening on sleep, therefore, means acting both with prevention strategies in the pre-clinical phase and with treatments during the course of the disease. This review explores sleep disturbances in the different stages of AD, starting from the pre-clinical stage. Particular attention is given to the empirical evidence investigating obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) disorder and the mechanisms overlapping and sharing with AD. Next, we discuss sleep-based intervention strategies in the healthy elderly population, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD patients. We mention interventions related to behavioral strategies, combination therapies, and bright light therapy, leaving extensive space for new and raising evidence on continuous positive air pressure (CPAP) treatment effectiveness. Finally, we clarify the role of NREM sleep across the AD trajectory and consider the most recent studies based on the promising results of NREM sleep enhancement, which use innovative experimental designs and techniques.

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Spontaneous K-Complexes may be biomarkers of the progression of amnestic mild cognitive impairment

Cited by 16 publications

References 29 publications

How non-rapid eye movement sleep and Alzheimer pathology are linked

How non-rapid eye movement sleep and Alzheimer pathology are linked

New and Emerging Approaches to Better Define Sleep Disruption and Its Consequences

Sleep-Based Interventions in Alzheimer’s Disease: Promising Approaches from Prevention to Treatment along the Disease Trajectory

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