Spontaneous High Piezoelectricity in Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Nanoribbons Produced by Iterative Thermal Size Reduction Technique

Kanık, Mehmet; Aktaş, Ozan; Sen, H.S.; Durgun, Engin; Bayındır, Mehmet

doi:10.1021/nn503269b

Cited by 114 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…[3,6,20,33] These values are also comparable to the PVDF nanofibres which show a d33 coefficient of -54 pm/V, which originates from the extraordinarily high -phase with ~75% crystallinity. [25] This abnormally high piezoelectric coefficient from the films quenched at -20ºC is attributed to the exclusive (~100%) -phase content, extremely high crystallinity of 56% and / ratio of 45. These values are much larger than typical values of 7585%, <45%…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Spontaneous formation of electroactive -phase in PVDF nanofibers formed by drawing was reported to have piezoelectric coefficient up to d33=58.5 pm/V. [25] Similarly, PVDF mesoscale rod arrays, without any poling process, too were also reported to possess good piezoelectric properties due to their high β content. [24] In both these cases, mechanical stretching and stress during the template guiding are believed to be responsible for the piezoelectric effect.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[25] This abnormally high piezoelectric coefficient from the films quenched at -20ºC is attributed to the exclusive (~100%) -phase content, extremely high crystallinity of 56% and / ratio of 45. These values are much larger than typical values of 7585%, <45%…”

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confidence: 99%

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Exclusive self-aligned β-phase PVDF films with abnormal piezoelectric coefficient prepared via phase inversion

et al. 2015

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Keywords: PVDF, piezoelectric effect, self-alignment, β-phase, Piezo Force Microscopy Poly(vinylidene fluoride), (PVDF), is one of the most attractive polymers owing to its remarkable pyro-, piezo-and ferro-electroactive properties. [1][2][3][4] These properties stem from its unique polymorphism which also gives rise to its extraordinary mechanical properties, high chemical resistance, good thermal stability and biocompatibility. [5] PVDF shows four significant crystalline phases α, β, δ and γ; [2,6] with the electroactive β-phase being utilized most frequently for the development of sensors, actuators [7,8] and microgenerators. [4,9,10] Owing to its importance, the formation of electroactive β crystalline phase has been intensively investigated through various routes, including melt casting, [15] solution deposition, [11] spin coating [12] and phase inversion. [13,14] While, the films or membranes formed by 2 melting/crystallisation are dominated by α-phase, [15] those obtained by spin-coating and further dried at temperature between 30-60 ºC are largely dominated by β-phase crystals. [12] For the phase inversion technique, PVDF films are formed by quenching the casting films into a nonsolvent bath to induce a series of liquid-solid and liquid-liquid phase separation events. [5,13,14] The microstructure and crystalline phase of the polymer films in phase-inversion can be controlled by adjusting paramteres like composition, [5,12] type of solvent, [16,17] quenching temperature etc. [18,19] Although PVDF films formed by this technique can have high β-phase contents, they are mostly porous and not suitable for electroactive applications. Moreover, the β-phase crystals are randomly oriented in these PVDF films and show no specific directional preference. Polarization under high electric field, [6,20] by Corona poling, [12] or by mechanical stretching [3,6,15] is subsequently carried out to obtain electroactive PVDF films. These operations need to be done at elevated temperatures (>80 o C), requiring high voltage equipment and films with dense structure and high β-phase content. Spontaneous formation of electroactive -phase in PVDF nanofibers formed by drawing was reported to have piezoelectric coefficient up to d33=58.5 pm/V. [25] Similarly, PVDF mesoscale rod arrays, without any poling process, too were also reported to possess good piezoelectric properties due to their high β content. [24] In both these cases, mechanical stretching and stress during the template guiding are believed to be responsible for the piezoelectric effect. Self-polarization of oriented β-phase crystals has also been observed in ultrathin (~20 nm) PVDF copolymer films by spin-coating or by Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) method, and is attributed to the built-in electric field, in-film stress and the strong interaction of PVDF molecules with polar water. [21,22,23] Generally speaking, PVDF films or membrane formed by melt casting, solution deposition, spin coating and phase inversion etc. do not exhibit aligned β-phase crystals without additional t...

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Exclusive self-aligned β-phase PVDF films with abnormal piezoelectric coefficient prepared via phase inversion

et al. 2015

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“…Advances in manufacturing processes have also increased viability of PVDF as a flexible and adaptable sensor solution for complex surfaces through MEMS based fabrications [8] as well as the use of organic transistors to create a highly sensitive pressure sensor [2]. More recently, nano structure work utilizing nano ribbons has been shown to drastically increase the charge coefficient characteristics of PVDF [9]. Further work with micro-and nano-structurization shows strong promise for flexible tactile sensation viability of PVDF [10].…”

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confidence: 99%

Piezoelectric Polymer-Based Collision Detection Sensor for Robotic Applications

2015

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The authors present a large area collision detection sensor utilizing the piezoelectric effect of polyvinylidene fluoride film. The proposed sensor system provides high dynamic range for touch sensation, as well as robust adaptability to achieve collision detection on complex-shaped surfaces. The design allows for cohabitation of humans and robots in cooperative environments that require advanced and robust collision detection systems. Data presented in the paper are from sensors successfully retrofitted onto an existing commercial robotic manipulator.

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“…The limitations of these piezoelectric fibers are evident, as they use very expensive PVDF-TrFE material, and the integration of Tin microfilaments reduces the fiber reliability. Kanik et al fabricated piezoelectric PVDF micro-and nano-ribbons using iterative size reduction technique based on thermal fiber drawing 24 . In order to obtain spontaneously polar γ phase PVDF, one should redraw the same fiber multiply.…”

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Piezoelectric microstructured fibers via drawing of multimaterial preforms

Lü

Skorobogatiy

2018

Energy Harvesting and Storage: Materials, Devices, and Applications VIII

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We demonstrate planar laminated piezoelectric generators and piezoelectric microstructured fibers based on BaTiO 3 -polyvinylidene and carbon-loaded-polyethylene materials combinations. The laminated piezoelectric generators were assembled by sandwiching the electrospun BaTiO 3 -polyvinylidene mat between two carbon-loaded-polyethylene films. The piezoelectric microstructured fiber was fabricated via drawing of the multilayer fiber preform, and features a swissroll geometry that have ~10 alternating piezoelectric and conductive layers. Both piezoelectric generators have excellent mechanical durability, and could retain their piezoelectric performance after 3 day's cyclic bend-release tests. Compared to the laminated generators, the piezoelectric fibers are advantageous as they could be directly woven into large-area commercial fabrics. Potential applications of the proposed piezoelectric fibers include micro-power-generation and remote sensing in wearable, automotive and aerospace industries.Driven by the ever-growing market of the personal wearable products such as on-garment displays, health-monitoring sensors 1 , virtual-reality devices, smart watches and bracelets, and intelligent glasses, extensive effort has been devoted to the R&D of soft and wearable electronics 2 . The development of wearable and portable electronics has inspired much work 3 in the design and fabrication of flexible fibers which could be used as power sources or sensor components. Among all of these fiber generators or sensors, piezoelectric fibers that operate based on piezoelectric effect 4, 5 are especially attractive, because they could convert mechanical vibrations accessible in our daily life (i.e. walking 6 , air flow 7 and heart beating 3, 8 ) into electrical signals. Another application of piezoelectric generators is related to automotive or aerospace industries 9, 10 . Piezoelectric generators or sensors are implanted on the airplanes and vehicles, for the purpose of structural integrity monitoring 11 , as well as powering the on-board electronic systems such as wireless sensor networks (WSNs) with low-power consumption 12 18 . However, for these fibers, frequent and intensive mechanical movements may potentially damage the fiber structure (e.g. the continuous bending can make the piezoelectric layers cracking, and even peeling off from the fiber core). Thus, the as-fabricated fiber generators typically suffer from poor mechanical reliability, which makes them unsuitable for truly wearable applications. To improve robustness of the fibers, Zhang et al. have coated a thin layer of polydimenthylsiloxane (PDMS) on the roots of ZnO NWs using surface-coating combined with plasma-etching16 . An alternative route for fabrication of the piezoelectric fibers involves the utilization of piezoelectric polymers. In principle, piezoelectric fibers based on piezoelectric polymers usually feature better mechanical robustness and flexibility 19 . Among all of these piezoelectric polymers, poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and poly(vinylidene f...

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Spontaneous High Piezoelectricity in Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Nanoribbons Produced by Iterative Thermal Size Reduction Technique

Cited by 114 publications

References 59 publications

Exclusive self-aligned β-phase PVDF films with abnormal piezoelectric coefficient prepared via phase inversion

Exclusive self-aligned β-phase PVDF films with abnormal piezoelectric coefficient prepared via phase inversion

Piezoelectric Polymer-Based Collision Detection Sensor for Robotic Applications

Piezoelectric microstructured fibers via drawing of multimaterial preforms

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