Spontaneous fatal <i>Human herpesvirus 1</i> encephalitis in two domestic rabbits (<i>Oryctolagus cuniculus</i>)

Matos, Ricardo; Russell, Duncan S.; Alstine, William Van; Miller, Andrew

doi:10.1177/1040638714545111

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…These animals were euthanized. HSV-1 can cause encephalitis-induced mortality in rabbits [ 44 ]. Loutsch et al attributed the encephalitis-induced mortality in rabbits to HSV-1 reactivation after establishing latency in the trigeminal ganglia [ 45 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorylcholine and KR12-Containing Corneal Implants in HSV-1-Infected Rabbit Corneas

Malhotra,

Buznyk,

Islam

et al. 2023

Pharmaceutics

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Severe HSV-1 infection can cause blindness due to tissue damage from severe inflammation. Due to the high risk of graft failure in HSV-1-infected individuals, cornea transplantation to restore vision is often contraindicated. We tested the capacity for cell-free biosynthetic implants made from recombinant human collagen type III and 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (RHCIII-MPC) to suppress inflammation and promote tissue regeneration in the damaged corneas. To block viral reactivation, we incorporated silica dioxide nanoparticles releasing KR12, the small bioactive core fragment of LL37, an innate cationic host defense peptide produced by corneal cells. KR12 is more reactive and smaller than LL37, so more KR12 molecules can be incorporated into nanoparticles for delivery. Unlike LL37, which was cytotoxic, KR12 was cell-friendly and showed little cytotoxicity at doses that blocked HSV-1 activity in vitro, instead enabling rapid wound closure in cultures of human epithelial cells. Composite implants released KR12 for up to 3 weeks in vitro. The implant was also tested in vivo on HSV-1-infected rabbit corneas where it was grafted by anterior lamellar keratoplasty. Adding KR12 to RHCIII-MPC did not reduce HSV-1 viral loads or the inflammation resulting in neovascularization. Nevertheless, the composite implants reduced viral spread sufficiently to allow stable corneal epithelium, stroma, and nerve regeneration over a 6-month observation period.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorylcholine and KR12-Containing Corneal Implants in HSV-1-Infected Rabbit Corneas

Malhotra,

Buznyk,

Islam

et al. 2023

Pharmaceutics

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“…Particularly the rabbit succumbs to death even after receiving low doses of PRV. Several cases of natural infection with the alphaherpesvirus herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) have also been described in rabbits [ 138 , 139 ], supporting that this animal species is highly susceptible to alphaherpesviral infection. Why and how rabbits are more vulnerable to herpesviral infection remains unresolved yet.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Pathology of Pseudorabies in Different Naturally and Experimentally Infected Species—A Review

Sehl

Teifke

2020

Pathogens

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The pseudorabies virus (PRV) is an alphaherpesvirus and the causative agent of Aujeszky’s disease (AD). PRV infects a wide range of animal species including swine as the natural host as well as ruminants, carnivores, rodents and lagomorphs. In these species, except for the pig, PRV infection causes acute, severe disease, characterized by insatiable itching, and is always lethal. Horses, chickens and non-human primates have been shown to be largely resistant to PRV infection, while disease in humans is still controversial. PRV is a pantropic virus, which preferably invades neural tissue, but also infects epithelia of various organs, whereupon multisystemic lesions may result. Although AD is mainly associated with severe pruritus, also known as “mad itch”, there are notable differences regarding infection route, clinical signs, viral distribution and lesion patterns in different animal species. In this comprehensive review, we will present clinico-pathologic findings from different species, which have been either shown to be susceptible to PRV infection or have been tested experimentally.

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“…Erreger Herpes-simplex-Virus (HSV, human, Subfamilie Alphaherpesvirinae, Genus Simplexvirus) [44] Ansteckung/ Übertragung Kontakt zu an Herpes labialis erkrankten Menschen (über Schleimhäute) Klinik ▪ Koordinationsstörungen, Anfälle, Opisthotonus [41,44] ▪ tonisch-klonische Krämpfe [40] ▪ Hypersalivation [41,43] Verlauf letal Prophylaxe kein enger Kontakt (Küssen) bei aktiver HSV-Infektion des Besitzers [44]…”

Section: Daten Und Faktenunclassified

Typische und untypische Infektionserreger beim Kaninchen: Teil 5 Neurologische Symptome

Liebscher¹,

Hein²

2023

kleintier konkret

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Spontaneous fatal Human herpesvirus 1 encephalitis in two domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

Cited by 10 publications

References 31 publications

Phosphorylcholine and KR12-Containing Corneal Implants in HSV-1-Infected Rabbit Corneas

Phosphorylcholine and KR12-Containing Corneal Implants in HSV-1-Infected Rabbit Corneas

Comparative Pathology of Pseudorabies in Different Naturally and Experimentally Infected Species—A Review

Typische und untypische Infektionserreger beim Kaninchen: Teil 5 Neurologische Symptome

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