Spontaneous external fistula: the rarest presentation of hydatid cyst

Jayant, Kumar; Agrawal, Swati; Agarwal, Rajendra; Dayama, Krishna Gopal

doi:10.1136/bcr-2014-203784

Cited by 9 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Nevertheless, they may rupture, causing anaphylactic shock or fistulation. [ 1 2 ] Cutaneous fistulae caused by ruptured hepatic hydatid cysts are extremely rare. [ 1 3 ] Herein, we report a case of infected cutaneous fistula caused by a ruptured hepatic hydatid cyst.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatic hydatid cyst presenting as a cutaneous fistula

et al. 2020

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Hepatic hydatid cysts are usually asymptomatic. Nevertheless, they may rupture, causing anaphylactic shock or fistulation. Cutaneous fistulae caused by ruptured hepatic hydatid cysts are extremely rare. Herein, we report a case of infected cutaneous fistula caused by a ruptured hepatic hydatid cyst. A 57-year-old man presented to Al-Ain Hospital complaining of swelling in his right upper quadrant (RUQ) of 5 months' duration. The abdomen was soft, having a fluctuant tender swelling of 12 cm × 15 cm in the RUQ associated with a pus discharging fistula. The patient was admitted with a provisional diagnosis of abdominal wall abscess with pending sepsis. Surgical incision and drainage were performed under general anesthesia. Initially, around 15 ml of pus was drained, followed by the removal of multiple sized transparent cysts typical of hydatid disease. Postoperative abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan showed multiloculated hepatic cysts in the sixth, seventh, and left lobes with the involvement of the abdominal wall. The patient was treated with oral albendazole 400 mg twice daily for 30 days. Repeated CT scan at 4-month follow-up showed a significant reduction of size of the cysts, indicating proper response to treatment. A cutaneous fistula as a complication of a ruptured hepatic hydatid cyst is extremely rare. Awareness of this complication, especially in endemic areas, and using proper imaging and serological tests are vital for reaching a proper diagnosis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatic hydatid cyst presenting as a cutaneous fistula

et al. 2020

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“…Other organs are less frequently involved by the hydatid disease such as the spleen, the kidneys and the pancreas. Hydatid disease involving the retroperitoneum, as observed in our case, is extremely rare [ 4 , 6 ]. A significant proportion of cases may remain asymptomatic for years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Hydatid disease is a significant public health problem in North Africa [ 6 ]. It is an endemic zoonotic disorder in Tunisia, which is mainly caused by Echinococcus granulosus .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Management of a primary retroperitoneal hydatid cyst ruptured in the abdominal wall: A case report

Maghrebi

Mahmoud

Haddad

et al. 2020

International Journal of Surgery Case Reports

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Highlights Hydatid disease is endemic in North Africa countries such as Tunisia. Retroperitoneal location is scarce. Parietal complications are rarely described even in endemic geographic locations. Management of parietal complications of hydatid cysts is not consensual. Surgical drainage remains the gold standard.

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“…Complications, such as rupture, infection, anaphylaxis, and compression of adjacent organs, may cause various clinical symptoms. [ 2 ] Among the most severe complications, rupture (perforation or fistulization) is the most important. Liver HCs can rupture into the bile duct, the gastrointestinal tract, bronchi, peritoneal cavity, or pleural cavity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cutaneous fistulization of the hydatid disease

et al. 2016

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Aim:To provide an overview of the medical literature on cutaneous fistulization in patients with hydatid disease (HD).Methods:According to PRISMA guidelines a literature search was made in PubMed, Medline, Google Scholar, and Google databases were searched using keywords to identify articles related to cutaneous fistulization of the HD. Keywords used were hydatid disease, hydatid cyst, cutaneous fistulization, cysto-cutaneous fistulization, external rupture, and external fistulization. The literature search included case reports, review articles, original articles, and meeting presentations published until July 2016 without restrictions on language, journal, or country. Articles and abstracts containing adequate information, such as age, sex, cyst size, cyst location, clinical presentation, fistula opening location, and management, were included in the study, whereas articles with insufficient clinical and demographic data were excluded. We also present a new case of cysto-cutaneous fistulization of a liver hydatid cyst.Results:The literature review included 38 articles (32 full text, 2 abstracts, and 4 unavailable) on cutaneous fistulization in patients with HD. Among the 38 articles included in the study, 22 were written in English, 13 in French, 1 in German, 1 in Italian, and 1 in Spanish. Forty patients (21 males and 19 females; mean age ± standard deviation, 54.0 ± 21.5 years; range, 7–93 years) were involved in the study. Twenty-four patients had cysto-cutaneous fistulization (Echinococcus granulosus); 10 had cutaneous fistulization (E multilocularis), 3 had cysto-cutaneo-bronchio-biliary fistulization, 2 had cysto-cutaneo-bronchial fistulization; and 1 had cutaneo-bronchial fistulization (E multilocularis). Twenty-nine patients were diagnosed with E granulosis and 11 had E multilocularis detected by clinical, radiological, and/or histopathological examinations.Conclusion:Cutaneous fistulization is a rare complication of HD. Complicated HD should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cases presenting with cutaneous fistulization, particularly in regions where HD is endemic.

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Spontaneous external fistula: the rarest presentation of hydatid cyst

Cited by 9 publications

References 8 publications

Hepatic hydatid cyst presenting as a cutaneous fistula

Hepatic hydatid cyst presenting as a cutaneous fistula

Management of a primary retroperitoneal hydatid cyst ruptured in the abdominal wall: A case report

Cutaneous fistulization of the hydatid disease

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