Spontaneous Emission of Organic Molecules Embedded in a Photonic Crystal

Petrov, Eugene P.; Bogomolov, V. N.; Kalosha, I. I.; Гапоненко, С. В.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.81.77

Cited by 295 publications

(209 citation statements)

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“…[4][5][6][7][8][9] The observed lifetime is generally composed of two parts: one is due to the spontaneous emission of electronic excited states, the other is caused by other nonradiative internal processes in molecules. The corresponding decay rates can be denoted as ⌫ϭ1/ r and 1/ nr , respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Martorell and Lawandy reported the first observation of inhibited spontaneous emission ͑SE͒ of dye molecules in dilute colloidal crystals composed of polystyrene microspheres in water. 4 They found a single exponential decay of the excited state and a variation of the fluorescence lifetime of 1.75 times.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 In the last decade, there appeared great interest in controlling the spontaneous emission rate via threedimensional ͑3D͒ photonic crystals, [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] which are artificial periodic materials. It was suggested that if the atomic transition frequency lies inside the photonic band gap ͑PBG͒, the spontaneous emission will be completely inhibited, 2 as there is no photon mode that can perturb atomic states.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Weak photonic band gap effect on the fluorescence lifetime in three-dimensional colloidal photonic crystals

Zhang

2001

Phys. Rev. B

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The photonic band gap ͑PBG͒ effect on the fluorescence lifetime of molecules in three-dimensional colloidal photonic crystals is studied theoretically by means of a full vectorial quantum electrodynamics. In these colloidal systems where the refractive index contrast is as low as below 1.2, the PBG-induced lifetime variation is found to be below 5%. Our theoretical simulations can help to distinguish the pure PBG effect on the observed fluorescence lifetime variation from other effects such as complex electronic and chemical interactions that can occur in condensed-matter materials.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Weak photonic band gap effect on the fluorescence lifetime in three-dimensional colloidal photonic crystals

Zhang

2001

Phys. Rev. B

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“…Passive reflection, diffraction and transmission measurements have recently been carried out in twodimensional photonic crystal structures. 8 Martorell and Lawandy, 9 and subsequently Petrov et al 10 have observed inhibited spontaneous emission from low-index contrast three-dimensional periodic structures (⑀ r ϭ1.45). Berggren et al 11 have also made active devices by including a low index contrast two-dimensional periodicity.…”

Section: ͓S0003-6951͑99͒01611-3͔mentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of spontaneous emission from a two-dimensional photonic band gap defined microcavity at near-infrared wavelengths

Lee

Painter

D’Urso

et al. 1999

Applied Physics Letters

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An active, photonic band gap-based microcavity emitter in the near infrared is demonstrated. We present direct measurement of the spontaneous emission power and spectrum from a microcavity formed using a two-dimensional photonic band gap structure in a half wavelength thick slab waveguide. The appearance of cavity resonance peaks in the spectrum correspond to the photonic band gap energy. For detuned band gaps, no resonances are observed. For devices with correctly tuned band gaps, a two-time enhancement of the extraction efficiency was demonstrated compared to detuned band gaps and unpatterned material.

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“…Note that, conceptually, with C 1 playing the role of a microscope, there is an analogy between the correlation of the fluctuations and the experimental setup [24][25][26], in which the source of light is located inside the crystal and the directionality of the outgoing light is studied. On the contrary, the long-range contributions [2,3] to the intensity correlator come from scattering trajectories that explore all directions inside the crystal, and, due to isotropization, do not carry information about the Bragg directions.…”

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confidence: 99%

Incomplete Photonic Band Gap as Inferred from the Speckle Pattern of Scattered Light Waves

Shapiro

2004

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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Motivated by recent experiments on intensity correlations of the waves transmitted through disordered media, we demonstrate that the speckle pattern from disordered photonic crystal with incomplete band-gap represents a sensitive tool for determination the stop-band width. We establish the quantitative relation between this width and the angualar anisotropy of the intensity correlation function.PACS numbers: 42.25. Dd, 42.70.Qs Introduction. A wave propagating in a random medium undergoes multiple scattering and forms a complicated intensity pattern, commonly referred to as a specle pattern. It is described in statistical terms, with the help of probability distributions and correlation functions. The intensity correlation function, δI(r)δI(r ′ ) , where δI(r) is the deviation from the averaged intensity at point r, contains a short range term [1], C 1 (r, r ′ ), which oscillates on a scale of the wave length and exponentially decays beyond the mean free path, l. It also contains small long-range terms [2][3][4], which become dominant for |r − r ′ | ≫ l. Although the theory of speckle patterns was developed some time ago, it is only recently that the first experimental measurements of the spatial correlator C 1 (r, r ′ ) were reported both for microwaves [5] and optical waves [6,7]. These experiments were carried out for isotropic disordered media; macroscopic isotropy was also assumed in the existing theories. In this isotropic situation comparison with the theory has enabled the authors [6] to infer the effective refractive index, which is the only relevant parameter of the medium in the absence of disorder.The main message of this paper is that, in a medium with underlying spatial structure, the pattern of intensity correlations exhibits a vastly richer behavior as compared to the isotropic case. Moreover, additional features in C 1 (r, r ′ ) carry quantitavive information about this structure. As an example, we consider a disordered incompletebandgap photonic crystal and demonstrate how the band-structure parameters can be extracted from the angular anisotropy of the correlator C 1 .Superficially, it may seem that a wave with frequency ω, arriving from a distant source, after having been scattered by many random inhomogeneities, will lose all information about the crystal band-structure. Our point, though, is that C 1 (r, r ′ ) is essentially a local object: It is determined by scattering events in the vicinity of the points r, r ′ , and it is not sensitive to the "prehistory", i.e., scattering events experienced by the wave before arrival to the point r. In other words, C 1 (r, r ′ ) can serve as a "microscop" for observation of the local interference picture (on a scale smaller than l), thus, revealing the band-structure of the inherent photonic crystal. Such a microscop is particularly well suited for determination of the band-structure of realistic photonic crystals, since it is not affected by the long-range disorder. On the other hand, long-range disorder is a generic feature of realisitic crystals,...

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Spontaneous Emission of Organic Molecules Embedded in a Photonic Crystal

Cited by 295 publications

References 32 publications

Weak photonic band gap effect on the fluorescence lifetime in three-dimensional colloidal photonic crystals

Weak photonic band gap effect on the fluorescence lifetime in three-dimensional colloidal photonic crystals

Measurement of spontaneous emission from a two-dimensional photonic band gap defined microcavity at near-infrared wavelengths

Incomplete Photonic Band Gap as Inferred from the Speckle Pattern of Scattered Light Waves

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