“…Compared with the MF group, the content of various NLR in the haemolymph of silkworms was changed in the AF group, serotonin, adrenaline were upregulated, acetylcholine, γ‐aminobutyric acid, norepinephrine, taurine were downregulated. Acetylcholine is required of silkworm larvae for normal moulting to occur (Hayashiya et al, 1965), γ‐Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a very important inhibitory neurotransmitter in both vertebrate and invertebrate nervous systems (Ji et al, 2007; Yu et al 2010), adrenaline, norepinephrine could act as neurotransmitters in the silkworm nervous system (Josthna et al, 2010; Naokuni et al, 1991). So the change of these substances will certainly affect signal transduction inside and outside the cell, and may also affect the neural function of silkworms, this is bound to affect the normal activities of silkworms.…”