Spontaneous current and voltage via Aharonov-Casher effect

My, Choi

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.71.2987

Cited by 36 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…(6), it is obvious that if ω B = 0, ψ n λ,µ ,µ are independent of n λ,µ defined in Eq. (13) and can be denoted byψ µ withη λ,µ =ψ µ .…”

Section: Success and Breakdown Of Effective Flux Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spin precession and time-reversal symmetry breaking in quantum transport of electronsthrough mesoscopic rings

Qian

1997

Phys. Rev. B

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We consider the motion of electrons through a mesoscopic ring in the presence of spin-orbit interaction, Zeeman coupling, and magnetic flux. The coupling between the spin and the orbital degrees of freedom results in the geometric and the dynamical phases associated with a cyclic evolution of spin state. Using a non-adiabatic Aharonov-Anandan phase approach, we obtain the exact solution of the system and identify the geometric and the dynamical phases for the energy eigenstates. Spin precession of electrons encircling the ring can lead to various interference phenomena such as oscillating persistent current and conductance. We investigate the transport properties of the ring connected to current leads to explore the roles of the timereversal symmetry and its breaking therein with the spin degree of freedom being fully taken into account. We derive an exact expression for the transmission probability through the ring. We point out that the time-reversal symmetry breaking due to Zeeman coupling can totally invalidate the picture that spin precession results in effective, spin-dependent Aharonov-Bohm flux for interfering electrons. Actually, such a picture is only valid in the Aharonov-Casher effect induced by spin-orbit interaction only. Unfortunately, this point has not been realized in prior works on the transmission probability in the presence of both SO interaction and Zeeman coupling.We carry out numerical computation to illustrate the joint effects of spin-orbit interaction, Zeeman coupling and magnetic flux. By examining the resonant tunneling of

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“…(6), it is obvious that if ω B = 0, ψ n λ,µ ,µ are independent of n λ,µ defined in Eq. (13) and can be denoted byψ µ withη λ,µ =ψ µ .…”

Section: Success and Breakdown Of Effective Flux Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spin precession and time-reversal symmetry breaking in quantum transport of electronsthrough mesoscopic rings

Qian

1997

Phys. Rev. B

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“…Spontaneous quantum flux state in a system of odd number of electrons with the Kramers degeneracy in the ground state have been analyzed in papers [100][101][102]118] and [140,141]. It was proved [100] that the state survives inelastic scattering within the isolated Aharonov-Bohm loop but is suspected of weak lifting of the degeneracy due to electromagnetic radiation in the environment [119].…”

Section: Persistent Currents In Normal Metals Superconductors and DImentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistent currents, flux quantization, and magnetomotive forces in normal metals and superconductors (Review Article)

Kulik

2010

Low Temperature Physics

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The notion of persistent current comes back to orbital currents in normal metals, semiconductors and even insulators displaying diamagnetic behavior in weak magnetic fields, but came to focus at the discovery of current persistence and magnetic flux quantization at large fields in atomically big but macroscopically small (mesoscopic) objects. The phenomenon bears much similarity with supercurrents in superconductive metals. We will review progress in developing of our understanding of the physical and technological aspects of this phenomenon. The exact solution for currents, magnetic moments and magnetomotive forces (torques) in crossed magnetic fields are presented. Time-dependent phenomena in crossed magnetic and electric fields, and in possibility of spontaneous persistent currents and of work extraction from static and dynamic quantum states are discussed.

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“…The possibility of these magnetic interactions leading to a spontaneous current-carrying state in mesoscopic metal rings has been discussed in a remarkable paper by Wohlleben et al [6], where it is shown that, in zero field, a small ring exhibits a transition to a state with persistent current. The combined effects of spin-orbit coupling and current-current interactions has been studied recently by Choi [8]. We shall show below that current-current interactions reduce the upper bound on the ground-state current by an amount which is determined by the self-inductance of the system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…A related phenomena is that of spontaneous orbital currents occurring in the absence of any applied magnetic field or twisted boundary conditions. Although there is no experimental evidence for this symmetry-breaking state, spontaneous orbital currents have been predicted to occur by several authors [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current-carrying ground states in mesoscopic and macroscopic systems

Geller

1996

Phys. Rev. B

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We extend a theorem of Bloch, which concerns the net orbital current carried by an interacting electron system in equilibrium, to include mesoscopic effects. We obtain a rigorous upper bound to the allowed ground-state current in a ring or disc, for an interacting electron system in the presence of static but otherwise arbitrary electric and magnetic fields. We also investigate the effects of spinorbit and current-current interactions on the upper bound. Current-current interactions, caused by the magnetic field produced at a point r by a moving electron at r ′ , are found to reduce the upper bound by an amount that is determined by the self-inductance of the system. A solvable model of an electron system that includes current-current interactions is shown to realize our upper bound, and the upper bound is compared with measurements of the persistent current in a single ring.

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Spontaneous current and voltage via Aharonov-Casher effect

Cited by 36 publications

References 12 publications

Spin precession and time-reversal symmetry breaking in quantum transport of electronsthrough mesoscopic rings

Spin precession and time-reversal symmetry breaking in quantum transport of electronsthrough mesoscopic rings

Persistent currents, flux quantization, and magnetomotive forces in normal metals and superconductors (Review Article)

Current-carrying ground states in mesoscopic and macroscopic systems

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