Spontaneous creation of the universe from nothing

He, Dongshan; Gao, Dongfeng; Cai, Qing-yu

doi:10.1103/physrevd.89.083510

Cited by 42 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…The results are significant, for [10] presents a rigorous proof that the universe could be spontaneously and irreversibly created from nothing, and that after-wards it proceeds to an inflationary epoch. It is also shown that the exponential expansion stops when the scale factor grows sufficiently large, no matter whether it is closed, open, or flat.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…A recent work [10], which uses this method, shows that the universe can spontaneously and irreversibly be created from nothing, and also that it can then pass over to an inflationary epoch. The authors first obtain the solutions to the WD equation for an empty universe, with closed, open or flat space sections, when a particular operator ordering is chosen in it.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exact classical correspondence in quantum cosmology

John¹

2015

Gravit. Cosmol.

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We find a Friedmann model with appropriate matter/energy density such that the solution of the Wheeler-DeWitt equation exactly corresponds to the classical evolution. The well-known problems in quantum cosmology disappear in the resulting coasting evolution. The exact quantum-classical correspondence is demonstrated with the help of the de Broglie-Bohm and modified de Broglie-Bohm approaches to quantum mechanics. It is reassuring that such a solution leads to a robust model for the universe, which agrees well with cosmological expansion indicated by SNe Ia data.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exact classical correspondence in quantum cosmology

John¹

2015

Gravit. Cosmol.

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“…In the case of non-zero potential a difficulty arises in that the eigenfunctions are not normalisable. We compute an expression for the fractional rate of change 2 The de Broglie-Bohm formulation has been used in quantum cosmology by a number of authors, such as by Pinto-Neto and collaborators in connection with bouncing models [25,27], by Pinto-Neto, Santos and Struyve [26] and Valentini [34] in relation to inflation, and most recently by He, Gao and Cai in work on the mathematical foundations of big-bang cosmology [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Classical and quantum cosmology with York time

Roser¹,

Valentini²

2014

Class. Quantum Grav.

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We consider a solution to the problem of time in quantum gravity by deparameterisation of the ADM action in terms of York time, a parameter proportional to the extrinsic curvature of a spatial hypersurface. We study a minisuperspace model together with a homogeneous scalar field, for which we can solve the Hamiltonian constraint exactly and arrive at an explicit expression for the physical (non-vanishing) Hamiltonian. The scale factor and associated momentum cease to be dynamical variables, leaving the scalar field as the only physical degree of freedom. We investigate the resulting classical theory, showing how the dynamics of the scale factor can be recovered via an appropriate interpretation of the Hamiltonian as a volume. We then quantise the system in the Schrödinger picture. In the quantum theory we recover the dynamics of the scale factor by interpreting the spectrum and expectation value of the Hamiltonian as being associated with volume rather than energy. If trajectories in the sense of de Broglie-Bohm are introduced in the quantum theory, these are found to match those of the classical theory. We suggest that these trajectories may provide the basis for a perturbation theory in which both background and perturbations are quantised.

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“…However, if the assumption that the balance of vacuum energy and gravitational energy takes place only for times larger than the Planck time is correct, it is the time-energy uncertainty principle that acts as the engine in generating the initial conditions necessary for the creation of vacuum energy and hence to the expansion of the universe. Indeed, it has been even suggested that the initial primordial matter (energy) necessary for the creation of the universe also came into being thanks to the time-energy uncertainty principle [14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Alternative Approach to Estimate the Vacuum Energy Density of Free Space

Cooray¹,

Cooray²,

Rachidi³

2017

Preprint

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According to the current understanding, the recently observed accelerated expansion of the universe is caused by the dark or the vacuum energy. Attempts to calculate the magnitude of this energy using the standard model of particle physics led to values which are 59 -120 orders of magnitude larger than the experimentally estimated one. Even though the expanding space has positive internal energy, in a flat universe it is completely balanced by the negative energy of gravitational field making the net energy equal to zero. However, the current physical theories may breakdown for times less than or on the order of Planck time and one cannot assume that the above assertion concerning the balance of two energies is valid also in this time scale. In this note it is assumed that this balance of the two energies during the creation of new space as the universe expands takes place only for times larger than the Planck time. If this assumption is correct, the net energy of the newly created space remains positive for times on the order of Planck time and the positive vacuum energy has to be burrowed from empty space before it is being balanced by gravity. This can happen only within the restrictions of the time-energy uncertainty principle. In this note it is shown that such considerations lead to a vacuum energy density of about 0.3 Nanojoules per cubic meter which has to be compared with the measured value of 0.6 Nanojoules per cubic meter.

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Spontaneous creation of the universe from nothing

Cited by 42 publications

References 19 publications

Exact classical correspondence in quantum cosmology

Exact classical correspondence in quantum cosmology

Classical and quantum cosmology with York time

An Alternative Approach to Estimate the Vacuum Energy Density of Free Space

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