Spontaneous configuring to a tone-light compound using appetitive training

Bellingham, W. P.; Gillette, Katy

doi:10.1016/0023-9690(81)90003-5

Cited by 27 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Specifically, the animals were switched to a positive patterning schedule, in which reinforced compound presentations were intermixed with an equal number of unreinforced presentations of each component. Furthermore, the extension of training by itself could enhance the disparity between the compound and its components (e.g., Bellingham & Gillette, 1981;Gray & Lethbridge, 1976).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compound-component differentiation as a function of CS-US interval and CS duration in the rabbit’s conditioned nictitating membrane response

Kehoe

Schreurs

1986

Animal Learning & Behavior

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compound-component differentiation as a function of CS-US interval and CS duration in the rabbit’s conditioned nictitating membrane response

Kehoe

Schreurs

1986

Animal Learning & Behavior

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“…With compound associative learning (also known as spontaneous configuration; Razran, 1965; Bellingham and Gillette, 1981; or perceptual fusion; Konorski, 1967), an animal learns to associate a particular combination of color, shape, texture and smell to reinforcement (e.g., food). It thus learns to respond (e.g., salivate) upon future exposure to it, but it will not respond to each of the features when presented separately (e.g., only the shape) and will not even respond to a different spatial or temporal combination of the same features.…”

Section: Unlimited Associative Learning Its Functional Architecturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By definition, UAL requires binding. Since with UAL specific configuration of features can be learned, this suggests that UAL must rely on neural mechanisms that enable integration, identification and discrimination among compound stimuli that differ in their specific conjunction of underlying features within and across modalities (Razran, 1965; Over and Mackintosh, 1969; Bellingham and Gillette, 1981; Edwards et al, 1982; Colombo and Graziano, 1994; Watanabe et al, 1995). As suggested long ago, discrimination is tightly related both to consciousness (e.g., James, 1890; Edelman, 2001; Crick and Koch, 2003) and to the evolution of complex forms of learning (Wells, 1968; Razran, 1971).…”

Section: The Attributes Of Ual Instantiate the Properties Of Minimal mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Transition to Minimal Consciousness through the Evolution of Associative Learning

2016

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The minimal state of consciousness is sentience. This includes any phenomenal sensory experience – exteroceptive, such as vision and olfaction; interoceptive, such as pain and hunger; or proprioceptive, such as the sense of bodily position and movement. We propose unlimited associative learning (UAL) as the marker of the evolutionary transition to minimal consciousness (or sentience), its phylogenetically earliest sustainable manifestation and the driver of its evolution. We define and describe UAL at the behavioral and functional level and argue that the structural-anatomical implementations of this mode of learning in different taxa entail subjective feelings (sentience). We end with a discussion of the implications of our proposal for the distribution of consciousness in the animal kingdom, suggesting testable predictions, and revisiting the ongoing debate about the function of minimal consciousness in light of our approach.

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“…A related explanation may also be derived in terms of the formation of configural representations of stimuli and their ability to elicit CRs. Following from work examining spontaneous configuring (Bellingham & Gillette, 1981;Gray & Lethbridge, 1976) one could assume that rats initially represent AX in terms of individual elements A and X. It is only during the course of pre-exposure that rats come gradually to form a configural representation AX.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Loss of latent inhibition in conditioned taste aversion following exposure to a novel flavour before test

Killcross

2001

The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology B

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Killcross, Kiernan, Dwyer, and Westbrook (1998b) observed that latent inhibition (LI) of contextual fear was attenuated if animals received post-conditioning exposure to a novel context similar to the pre-exposure context. Six experiments used a conditioned taste aversion (CTA) procedure to examine this effect. Experiments 1A-1C demonstrated that LI of CTA was attenuated by a similar post-conditioning manipulation, establishing the generality of previous findings. Experiment 2A manipulated the taste elements to which animals were exposed after conditioning, revealing that exposure to a common element X, present at pre-exposure and conditioning, was not responsible for loss of LI. Experiment 2B manipulated test solution and showed that loss of LI depended on the presence of the full pre-exposed cue AX at test. These two results are contrary to predictions derived from the Dickinson-Burke (Dickinson & Burke, 1996) theory of retrospective revaluation or comparator theory (Miller & Matzel, 1988), and they support recent findings suggesting that retrospective effects may occur by several mechanisms. Experiment 3 showed that a novel element B had to be present during post-conditioning exposure for an attenuation of LI to be observed. Implications for the loss of LI following a retention interval between conditioning and test and retrieval-failure theories of LI are discussed.

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Spontaneous configuring to a tone-light compound using appetitive training

Cited by 27 publications

References 16 publications

Compound-component differentiation as a function of CS-US interval and CS duration in the rabbit’s conditioned nictitating membrane response

Compound-component differentiation as a function of CS-US interval and CS duration in the rabbit’s conditioned nictitating membrane response

The Transition to Minimal Consciousness through the Evolution of Associative Learning

Loss of latent inhibition in conditioned taste aversion following exposure to a novel flavour before test

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