Spontaneous compartment syndrome in association with simvastatin-induced myositis

Walker, Juliette; Smith, Glenda L.; Gaston, M S; Robinson, Caroline

doi:10.1136/emj.2007.055848

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…For example, an increase in risperidone blood levels after addition of a statin has been documented and there have been case reports of rhabdomyolysis and compartment syndrome in a patient on risperidone after the addition of a statin 88,89…”

Section: Metabolic Syndrome and Long-term Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Managing cardiovascular disease risk in patients treated with antipsychotics: a multidisciplinary approach

Shulman

Miller

Misher

et al. 2014

JMDH

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BackgroundThe use of antipsychotic medication in the United States and throughout the world has greatly increased over the last fifteen years. These drugs have significant side effect burdens, many of them relating to cardiovascular health.ObjectiveTo review the available evidence on the major cardiovascular issues that arise in patients taking antipsychotic medication.MethodA PubMed literature review was performed to identify recent meta-analyses, review articles, and large studies. Further articles were identified through cited papers and based on expert consultation when necessary.ResultsClinical guidance on the following adverse effects and antipsychotics was reviewed: electrocardiogram (ECG) changes, (specifically, prolonged QT and risk of torsades de pointes), weight gain, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, and myocarditis. Specific attention was paid to monitoring guidelines and treatment options in the event of adverse events, including dose change, medication switch, or adjuvant therapy.

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Section: Metabolic Syndrome and Long-term Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Managing cardiovascular disease risk in patients treated with antipsychotics: a multidisciplinary approach

Shulman

Miller

Misher

et al. 2014

JMDH

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“…Has been reported with statin myositis, and produced syndrome myonecrosis [154,155] a Our study group has also received reports of these and a variety of additional conditions from patients and/or physicians. AChE = acetylcholinesterase; CK = creatine kinase; LDL-C = low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; mo = month.…”

Section: Compartmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statin Adverse Effects

Golomb

Evans

2008

American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs

587

257

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HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) are a widely used class of drug, and like all medications, have potential for adverse effects (AEs). Here we review the statin AE literature, first focusing on muscle AEs as the most reported problem both in the literature and by patients. Evidence regarding the statin muscle AE mechanism, dose effect, drug interactions, and genetic predisposition is examined. We hypothesize, and provide evidence, that the demonstrated mitochondrial mechanisms for muscle AEs have implications to other nonmuscle AEs in patients treated with statins. In meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), muscle AEs are more frequent with statins than with placebo. A number of manifestations of muscle AEs have been reported, with rhabdomyolysis the most feared. AEs are dose dependent, and risk is amplified by drug interactions that functionally increase statin potency, often through inhibition of the cytochrome P450 3A4 system. An array of additional risk factors for statin AEs are those that amplify (or reflect) mitochondrial or metabolic vulnerability, such as metabolic syndrome factors, thyroid disease, and genetic mutations linked to mitochondrial dysfunction. Converging evidence supports a mitochondrial foundation for muscle AEs associated with statins, and both theoretical and empirical considerations suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction may also underlie many nonmuscle statin AEs. Evidence from RCTs and studies of other designs indicates existence of additional statin-associated AEs, such as cognitive loss, neuropathy, pancreatic and hepatic dysfunction, and sexual dysfunction. Physician awareness of statin AEs is reportedly low even for the AEs most widely reported by patients. Awareness and vigilance for AEs should be maintained to enable informed treatment decisions, treatment modification if appropriate, improved quality of patient care, and reduced patient morbidity.

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“…Although very rarely seen, statins are a known cause of rhabdomyolysis; the spontaneous development of rhabdomyolysis followed by ACoS however, has only been described in a couple of case reports. 21,22 Most patients undergoing a CABG surgery take statins and the majority has been taking them for a few years, so statins are unlikely to be a major cause of ACoS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Compartment Syndrome of the Lower Leg after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: A Silent but Dangerous Complication

Kolste

Balm

Mol

2015

Thorac cardiovasc Surg

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To prevent this serious complication, we advise to pay extra attention to the patients with a greater risk. Hemostasis after venectomy in CABG surgery is mandatory, especially in the endoscopic harvesting of the GSV. Elastic bandages should be applied after weaning from CPB. Elevated creatine phosphokinase values may indicate ACoS. When suspicion arises, intracompartmental pressure measurement is the preferred tool for early recognition and diagnosis. To prevent irreversible, extensive tissue damage and permanent disability fasciotomy must be performed immediately after the diagnosis is made.

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Spontaneous compartment syndrome in association with simvastatin-induced myositis

Cited by 17 publications

References 7 publications

Managing cardiovascular disease risk in patients treated with antipsychotics: a multidisciplinary approach

Managing cardiovascular disease risk in patients treated with antipsychotics: a multidisciplinary approach

Statin Adverse Effects

Acute Compartment Syndrome of the Lower Leg after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: A Silent but Dangerous Complication

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