Spontaneous combustion of the Upper Paleocene Cerrejón Formation coal and generation of clinker in La Guajira Peninsula (Caribbean Region of Colombia)

Quintero, Jhon; Candela, S. A.; Ríos, Carlos A.; Montes, Camilo; Uribe, Carlos Santiago

doi:10.1016/j.coal.2009.09.004

Cited by 31 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…If our occurrences are paralavas, by far the most common and obvious sustained heat 415 source would be natural coal fires, which can burn over durations of thousands of years, 416 and are known in several occurrences that vary in age from Miocene to present day 417 (Sokol and Volkova, 2007;Piepjohn et al, 2007;Coombs et al, 2008;Grapes et al, 418 2009;Quintero et al, 2009, Reiners, et al, 2011. Natural coal fires producing clinker 419 and peraluminous paralavas have been reported at two other locations in the Cordillera.…”

Section: Origin As Paralavas From Till? 326mentioning

confidence: 91%

Discovery of modern (post-1850 CE) lavas in south-central British Columbia, Canada: Origin from coal fires or intraplate volcanism?

Canil

Mihalynuk

Lacourse

2018

Lithos

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We describe three unusual lavas in the Northern Cordillera in south-central British 15 Columbia, Canada, occurring as spatter, scoria and blocks over small ~ 400 m 2 areas. The 16 lavas coat and weld cobbles and pebbles in glacial till and are vesicular and glassy with 17 microlites of clinopyroxene and plagioclase, and xenocrysts of quartz, feldspar or 18 clinopyroxene. Chemically the lavas are basaltic trachyandesite (55-61 wt% SiO 2) with 19 trace element patterns similar to average British Columbia upper crust, except for having 20 higher V and lower Zr, Hf, Nb, Th and U. Melting experiments and plagioclase-melt 21 thermometry on the glasses, and phase equilibrium in simple systems, require liquidus 22 temperatures of 1150-1300°C. Interaction of the liquids with carbonaceous matter at 23 2 low pressure formed Fe metal spherules and SiC. Radiocarbon ages of charcoal and 24 dendrochronology show the lavas are modern, emplaced in the last ~120 years. The 25 similar bulk composition of these lavas to several other Quaternary-aged volcanic centers 26 in the North American Cordillera, some of which show recent seismic activity, could 27 suggest a possible tectonic origin, but the deposits are unusually small and show no 28 central vent for emplacement. Conversely, the balance of evidence would suggest an 29 origin from coal fires or hot gas venting, but is less consistent with the observed calc-and 30 per-alkaline lava compositions, and the lack of known local coal-bearing strata as a heat 31 source. Other anthropogenic origins for the lavas are considered less plausible. 32 33 transpressive tectonic regime, with thin lithosphere and high heat flow (Hyndman et al, 36 2007). Several Neogene and younger lavas related to transpression occur throughout the 37 orogen with the youngest known volcanism dated at ~300 yrs B.P. (Edwards and 38 Russell, 2000; Higgins, 2009). Recent seismicity (in 2007) beneath a Quaternary volcanic 39 edifice (Nazko-Fig. 1) in central British Columbia have been interpreted as modern 40 magma movement at depth (Cassidy et al., 2011). A similar interpretation was made 41 previously for other occurrences of intraplate seismicity in the region (Rogers, 1981). 42 Two young lavas , near Cache Creek, and in the southeast corner of British 43 Columbia (Fig. 1) are not of tectonic origin, but rather are paralava related to coal fires 44 (Church et al, 1979; Bustin et al, 1982). The natural burning of coal seams, induced by 45 lightning strikes, wild fires or spontaneous combustion, can fuse the surrounding country 46 3 rock to form paralava that may intrude or escape upward in chimneys (Cosca et al., 1989; 47

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Section: Origin As Paralavas From Till? 326mentioning

confidence: 91%

Discovery of modern (post-1850 CE) lavas in south-central British Columbia, Canada: Origin from coal fires or intraplate volcanism?

Canil

Mihalynuk

Lacourse

2018

Lithos

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“…It is suspected that many of those fires can be in fact caused by self-ignition (Sawicki 2012) Fires caused by auto-ignition are classified as endogenous fires. Particularly dangerous are endogenous fires in coal mines (Jaskółowski andKasperkiewicz 2012, Singh 2013), as well as spontaneous fires in coal storage yards (Fierro et al 1999;Gierasimczuk 2009), which are a common phenomenon caused by the accumulation of heat resulting from exothermic oxidation of coal (Quintero et al 2009). The problem of self-heating and self-ignition of coal has been the subject of many scientific papers (Arisoy and Akgiin 1994;Bhat and Agarwal 1996;Liu et al 1998;Fierro et al 1999;García-Torrent et al 2012;Yauan and Smith 2012).…”

Section: Spontaneus Combustion Phenomenonmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Thermovision in the Monitoring of Coal Storage Facilities as an Element of Safety Management in the Warehouse Management

Sobocińska

Sobociński

2019

System Safety: Human - Technical Facility - Environment

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Spontaneuos combustion (or self-ignition) is the initiation of the burning process without an external source of ignition, such as a flame or spark. This phenomenon often occurs during storage of such substances as hay, straw as well as coal or culm. Like any other type of fire, in addition to potential material losses, it also poses a threat to people. Thanks to the systematic monitoring of landfills using a thermal imaging camera, the dangerous effects of this phenomenon can be avoided. The article presents photos taken on a coal storage site where, as a result of both prolonged heat and wind exposition, a self-ignition phenomenon occurred that was detected early due to the use of thermovision.

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“…Spontaneous coal combustion is a frequent phenomenon that can take place in coal deposits when high quantities of these materials are stored for large periods [1,2]. Several researchers have described this process [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Spontaneous combustion occurs in coal seams, stockpiles, and coal wastes when the rate of heat generation from the oxidation of organic matter exceeds the rate of heat dissipation [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Temperature Mineral Phases Generated in Natural Clinkers by Spontaneous Combustion of Coal

2019

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The aim of this study is to analyze natural clinkers (= calcined clays by coal combustion) from a lower Cretaceous coal outcrop in Ariño (Teruel, NE Spain) in order to describe mineral and textural transformations produced during the spontaneous combustion of coal. To achieve this aim, samples were analyzed using X-ray diffraction and optical and electron microscopy. Spontaneous combustion resulted in the melting of the surrounding clays, with the generation of an Al–Si-rich vitreous phase. Subsequently, high-temperature phases crystallized from this vitreous phase. These new minerals are interesting due to their similarity with those formed during ceramic processes, used in the manufacture of stoneware and ceramic tiles, as well as in refractory ceramics, and with natural events such as metamorphic and igneous processes. The studied natural clinkers are composed of vitreous phase mullite, hematite, hercynite, cristobalite, quartz, pyroxenes, cordierite, gypsum, pyrite, and calcium oxides. A trend from hematite to hercynite composition indicates compositional variations at sample scale, which evidence d-spacing differences in hercynite and may be related to the Al and Fe content in hercynite depending on its texture. The mullite shows higher Si/Al ratio (1.21) than the theoretical composition (0.35), indicating that this mullite is more Si-rich. Three pyroxene-type compositions (diopside-type, ferrosilite-type, and a Ca–Al-rich pyroxene) were found. Both the mullite and the pyroxenes are nonstoichiometric.

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Spontaneous combustion of the Upper Paleocene Cerrejón Formation coal and generation of clinker in La Guajira Peninsula (Caribbean Region of Colombia)

Cited by 31 publications

References 31 publications

Discovery of modern (post-1850 CE) lavas in south-central British Columbia, Canada: Origin from coal fires or intraplate volcanism?

Discovery of modern (post-1850 CE) lavas in south-central British Columbia, Canada: Origin from coal fires or intraplate volcanism?

The Use of Thermovision in the Monitoring of Coal Storage Facilities as an Element of Safety Management in the Warehouse Management

High-Temperature Mineral Phases Generated in Natural Clinkers by Spontaneous Combustion of Coal

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