Spontaneous buckling of contractile poroelastic actomyosin sheets

Ideses, Yaron; Erukhimovitch, Vitaly; Brand, Ron; Jourdain, D.; Hernandez, Julio; Gabinet, U. R.; Safran, S. A.; Kruse, Karsten; Bernheim‐Groswasser, Anne

doi:10.1038/s41467-018-04829-x

Cited by 44 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(56 reference statements)

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“…Thus, it is even more remarkable that we observe a similar qualitative and quantitative behavior of the actomyosin contraction. The timescale of the contraction agrees well with the bead velocity we determined in Figure 1g and previous works on actomyosin contraction: [27,29,[30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37]46] Within 6 min, we expect a displacement of approximately 36 µm, which is comparable to the droplet radius. The filaments condense to a small fraction of the droplet's volume (see Figures S10 and S11, and Video S4, Supporting Information).…”

Section: Actomyosin Contraction In Microfluidic Dropletssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…This is in excellent agreement with previous studies, in which a global contraction was observed for a myosin motor to actin ratio of R M = 0.01. [30,45,46] This is comparable to our experiments with R M = 0.013, for which we observe global contraction and aster formation. Doubling the actin content (i.e., reducing the HMM to actin ratio by half) leads to a stalled contraction as also observed with reconstituted myosin filaments, consistent with a previous study.…”

Section: Actomyosin Contraction In Microfluidic Dropletssupporting

confidence: 89%

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Engineering Light‐Responsive Contractile Actomyosin Networks with DNA Nanotechnology

et al. 2020

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External control and precise manipulation is key for the bottom‐up engineering of complex synthetic cells. Minimal actomyosin networks have been reconstituted into synthetic cells; however, their light‐triggered symmetry breaking contraction has not yet been demonstrated. Here, light‐activated directional contractility of a minimal synthetic actomyosin network inside microfluidic cell‐sized compartments is engineered. Actin filaments, heavy‐meromyosin‐coated beads, and caged ATP are co‐encapsulated into water‐in‐oil droplets. ATP is released upon illumination, leading to a myosin‐generated force which results in a motion of the beads along the filaments and hence a contraction of the network. Symmetry breaking is achieved using DNA nanotechnology to establish a link between the network and the compartment periphery. It is demonstrated that the DNA‐linked actin filaments contract to one side of the compartment forming actin asters and quantify the dynamics of this process. This work exemplifies that an engineering approach to bottom‐up synthetic biology, combining biological and artificial elements, can circumvent challenges related to active multi‐component systems and thereby greatly enrich the complexity of synthetic cellular systems.

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Section: Actomyosin Contraction In Microfluidic Dropletssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Actomyosin Contraction In Microfluidic Dropletssupporting

confidence: 89%

Engineering Light‐Responsive Contractile Actomyosin Networks with DNA Nanotechnology

et al. 2020

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“… 33 It was not observed in the other 3D studies as those systems were investigated at constant ATP concentration at reaction-limited regime. 29 , 30 These observations suggest that the active stress is determined by the stall force of kinesin motors, which is independent of the ATP concentration, and by the cross-linking nature of the motors. To test the importance of the motor concentration, we decreased the kinesin concentration by 10-fold (to 1.7 nM) and indeed did not observe the instability ( Figure 4 E).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Wrinkling Instability in 3D Active Nematics

et al. 2020

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In nature, interactions between biopolymers and motor proteins give rise to biologically essential emergent behaviors. Besides cytoskeleton mechanics, active nematics arise from such interactions. Here we present a study on 3D active nematics made of microtubules, kinesin motors, and depleting agent. It shows a rich behavior evolving from a nematically ordered space-filling distribution of microtubule bundles toward a flattened and contracted 2D ribbon that undergoes a wrinkling instability and subsequently transitions into a 3D active turbulent state. The wrinkle wavelength is independent of the ATP concentration and our theoretical model describes its relation with the appearance time. We compare the experimental results with a numerical simulation that confirms the key role of kinesin motors in cross-linking and sliding the microtubules. Our results on the active contraction of the network and the independence of wrinkle wavelength on ATP concentration are important steps forward for the understanding of these 3D systems.

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“…Remarkably, the actomyosin cortex in Caenorhabditis elegans embryos generates chiral torques, which generates counterrotating cortical flows that are used to establish the left-right symmetry of the developing organism (Naganathan et al, 2014). Finally, let us note that the contractility of thin active gel layers, be it the actin cortex or a cell monolayer, can generate instabilities that lead to three dimensional shape changes (Hannezo et al, 2011;Ideses et al, 2018;Shyer et al, 2017).…”

Section: Hydrodynamics Of Motor-filament Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonequilibrium physics in biology

et al. 2019

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Life is characterized by a myriad of complex dynamic processes allowing organisms to grow, reproduce, and evolve. Physical approaches for describing systems out of thermodynamic equilibrium have been increasingly applied to living systems, which often exhibit phenomena not found in those traditionally studied in physics. Spectacular advances in experimentation during the last decade or two, for example, in microscopy, single cell dynamics, in the reconstruction of sub-and multicellular systems outside of living organisms, and in high throughput data acquisition have yielded an unprecedented wealth of data on cell dynamics, genetic regulation, and organismal development. These data have motivated the development and refinement of concepts and tools to dissect the physical mechanisms underlying biological processes. Notably, landscape and flux theory as well as active hydrodynamic gel theory have proven very useful in this endeavour. Together with concepts and tools developed in other areas of nonequilibrium physics, significant progress has been made in unraveling the principles underlying efficient energy transport in photosynthesis, cellular regulatory networks, cellular movements and organization, embryonic development and cancer, neural network dynamics, population dynamics and ecology, as well as ageing, immune responses and evolution. Here, we review recent advances in nonequilibrium physics and survey their application to biological systems. We expect many of these results to be important cornerstones as the field continues to build our understanding of life.

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Spontaneous buckling of contractile poroelastic actomyosin sheets

Cited by 44 publications

References 43 publications

Engineering Light‐Responsive Contractile Actomyosin Networks with DNA Nanotechnology

Engineering Light‐Responsive Contractile Actomyosin Networks with DNA Nanotechnology

Wrinkling Instability in 3D Active Nematics

Nonequilibrium physics in biology

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