Spontaneous Atherosclerosis and Diet in Captive Animals

Vastesaeger, M; Delcourt, R

doi:10.1159/000174723

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Atheromatous lesions, closely simulating those occurring in man, have probably been reported more frequently in sub-human primates than in any other species of mammals, although the degree of vascular involvement rarely reaches the intensity commonly seen in man. However, mild lipid infiltration of the walls of the large arteries is fairly common: 41 % of primates dying in captivity in a zoological garden showed fatty streaking of the aorta , and essentially similar lesions have been described in freeliving animals including Chimpanzees (Pan s a t y w (Vastesaeger & Delcourt, 1961), Vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) (Finlayson, 1963) and in a Whitenosed monkey (Cercopithecus ascanius) and Congo mangabey (Cercocebus aterrimus) (Vastesaeger & Delcourt, 1962). Fox, in 1933, reported that none out of the 24 Pongidae and Hylobatidae examined at the Philadelphia Zoological Garden showed any evidence of arteriosclerosis, and in a later paper (Fox, 1939) he recorded that 33 animals (20 Pongidae and 13 Hylobatidae) without lesions had been examined.…”

Section: Primatesmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…In parenthesis, it could be added that even less is known of cardiovascular pathology in invertebrates. Only two out of 300 invertebrates with wellformed arteries examined by Leloup showed lesions ; these consisted of slight alterations of the elastic lamina in the arteries of two crayfish (Vastesaeger, Delcourt & Gillot, 1965).…”

Section: Fish and Amphibiansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lindsay & Chaikoff (1963) observed aortic atherosclerosis in several old chimpanzees, and Hamerton (1941) reported moderate atherosclerosis of the great arteries in an obese 15-year-old animal that had lived in the London Zoo for 134 years. Aortic atheroma has also been recorded in truly-wild chimpanzees (Fox, 1939 ;Vastesaeger & Delcourt, 1961). Fatal myocardial infarction associated with coronary artery disease has been described in these animals in captivity.…”

Section: Primatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…described coronary atheroma in two Pale-faced chimpanzees (Pan schweinfurthi) and, in one of these animals, the right main coronary artery was occluded by thrombus. Coronary arteriosclerosis, but not atherosclerosis, has been recorded in free-living chimpanzees (Pan satyrus) (Vastesaeger & Delcourt, 1961).…”

Section: Primatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and smaller surveys have been carried out on material obtained from a few other zoological gardens (Vastesaeger & Delcourt, 1961 Finlayson, Symons & T-W-Fiennes, 1962; Grunberg, 1962). In addition, there are numerous references, ranging from a brief note to a detailed account, to the occurrence of spontaneous arterial disease in a single animal or a single species or order of animal.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spontaneous arterial disease in exotic animals

Finlayson

1965

Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London

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An account is given of the pathology and incidence of spontaneous arterial disease occurring in a series of about 2000 vertebrates, the majority of which died in captivity from natural causes. The personal observations are integrated with a fairly detailed review of the literature. Vascular lesions have been described in fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals. Particular attention is given in this paper to the comparative pathology of degenerative arterial disease and, more especially, atherosclerosis. Minor degrees of lipid infiltration of the arterial wall are seen commonly in many avian and mammalian orders, but more advanced atheromatous plaques occur frequently only in some avian orders and man. Atheroma has been observed occasionally in sub‐human primates and ungulates. Focal degeneration and calcification of the arterial media constitute the major arterial lesion in ungulates and marsupials; parasitic arteritides are seen principally in carnivores, equines and, possibly, reptiles. Arterial thrombosis in animals is usually secondary to local physical injury or infection; occlusive atherothrombosis is extremely rare in all animals. A hypothesis is presented on the histogenesis of atherosclerosis as it occurs in animals. It is concluded that the condition is a multifactorial disease. The role of dietary and other factors which may play a part in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis is discussed. Age is the only factor shown to be fairly directly related to atherosclerosis, but the almost complete absence of lesions in some comparatively old animals emphasizes that atheroma is not an inevitable accompaniment of senescence. The morphological pattern of arterial disease would appear to be similar in free‐living and captive animals; and though increasing age and the conditions of captivity may potentiate lesions, it would seem likely that the primary causes of arterial disease are operative in natural, quasi‐natural or captive environments.

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Section: Primatesmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Fish and Amphibiansmentioning

confidence: 99%