Spontaneous Adsorption and Efficient Photodegradation of Indigo Carmine under Visible Light by Bismuth Oxyiodide Nanoparticles Fabricated Entirely at Room Temperature

Abstract

Bismuth oxyiodide (BiOI) is a targeted material for its relative safety and photocatalytic activity under visible light. In this study, a successful simple and energy-saving route was applied to prepare BiOI through a sonochemical process at room temperature. The characterization of the prepared BiOI was conducted by physical means. The transmission electron microscope (TEM) image showed that the BiOI comprises nanoparticles of about 20 nm. Also, the surface area of the BiOI was found to be 34.03 m2 g−1 with an energy gap of 1.835 eV. The adsorption and photocatalytic capacities of the BiOI were examined for the indigo carmine dye (IC) as a model water-pollutant via the batch experiment methodology. The solution parameters were optimized, including pH, contact time, IC concentration, and temperature. Worth mentioning that an adsorption capacity of 185 mg·g−1 was obtained from 100 mg L−1 IC solution at 25 °C within 60 min as an equilibrium time. In addition, the BiOI showed a high degradation efficiency towards IC under tungsten lamb (80 W), where 93% was removed within 180 min, and the complete degradation was accomplished in 240 min. The fabricated BiOI nanoparticles completely mineralized the IC under artificial visible light, as indicated by the total organic carbon analysis.

Optimization, Nature, and Mechanism Investigations for the Adsorption of Ciprofloxacin and Malachite Green onto Carbon Nanoparticles Derived from Low-Cost Precursor via a Green Route

“…Considering the chemical structure of MLG and CFXN ( Figure 1 ), electrostatic attraction plays a significant role in removing these pollutants [ 47 , 48 ]. At low pH, the auxochrome group of MLG (pKa = 10.3) is protonation, resulting in a positive charge density [ 49 ].…”

Facile assembly of BiOI/GO composites with enhanced photocatalytic activity for NO photooxidation under visible light irradiation

“…Most of these studies focus on the degradation of organic pollutants. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] However, BiOI is also considered a promising photocatalyst for water splitting, 11,12 carbon dioxide reduction, 13,14 and removal of heavy metals 15,16 and air pollutants. [17][18][19][20] Nevertheless, the photocatalytic activity of BiOI is still far from the level required for real applications due to the fast recombination of the photoexcited hole-electron pairs along with its narrow energy band gap (1.7-1.9 eV).…”

“…[17][18][19][20] Nevertheless, the photocatalytic activity of BiOI is still far from the level required for real applications due to the fast recombination of the photoexcited hole-electron pairs along with its narrow energy band gap (1.7-1.9 eV). 6,10,21,22 To mitigate the effects of this limitation, recent research has focused on improving the photocatalytic performance of BiOI through strategies such as microstructure modulation, defect control, heterojunction development, and carbonaceous material composites. Coupling BiOI with carbon materials can effectively capture photogenerated electrons and facilitate the separation of charge carriers, which can lead to higher photocatalytic activity in composites compared to pure photocatalysts.…”

“…Most of these studies focus on the degradation of organic pollutants. 4–10 However, BiOI is also considered a promising photocatalyst for water splitting, 11,12 carbon dioxide reduction, 13,14 and removal of heavy metals 15,16 and air pollutants. 17–20…”

Sweep-Out of Tigecycline, Chlortetracycline, Oxytetracycline, and Doxycycline from Water by Carbon Nanoparticles Derived from Tissue Waste

“…Hence, developing new processes is necessary to avoid the widespread of PhCs. With the rise of nanomaterials, the PhCs removal from water by adsorption and photodegradation (PhTD) was expanded [ 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 ]. PhTD is known for its completeness as a water treatment method that requires no further steps, such as dumping or burning pollutants.…”