Spontaneous acute subdural hematoma as a complication of preeclampsia. A case report and literature review

Abstract

Background: Acute subdural hematoma (ASDH) is a common form of intracranial bleeding that may be fatal. Trauma is a major cause, while a subset of cases may occur spontaneously. The authors of this article present a case of spontaneous ASDH in the context of preeclampsia and review similar cases in the literature to identify the prognosis. Case Description: A healthy 27-year-old woman presented in her first pregnancy which was complicated with pregnancy-induced hypertension and was sent to a provincial local maternity hospital at 37 weeks of gestation. On day 4 postpartum, the patient complained of severe headache, vomiting and blurred vision. Fundus examination showed papilledema and magnetic resonance imaging showed right acute frontoparietal subdural hematoma. The hematoma was surgically evacuated with decompressive craniotomy. Postoperatively, the patient’s symptoms improved. Conclusion: Spontaneous ASDH is a rare event in the context of preeclampsia; however, it should be considered as one of its possible complications. Research should be directed to emphasize on the possibility of spontaneous ASDH as a cause of neurological deterioration in those cases. A proper diagnosis and early intervention for these cases are crucial for both the mother and the fetus.