Spondyloptosis in children, adolescents and youth age patients

Abstract

The study aimed to analyze scientific publications on Spondyloptosis in children, adolescents and youth age patients. The article analyzes 77 literary sources for the period from 1995 to 2021, presented in modern electronic databases of medical information: PubMed, CyberLeninka, eLibrary, Google Scholar. The analysis of scientific articles showed that many important issues related to spondyloptosis in children have not yet been resolved. For example, the disease incidence rate in children and adolescents is unknown. To date, an algorithm for choosing a method for surgical treatment in this category of patients has not been defined, the need and methods for reduction of a displaced LV vertebra remain debatable, the spinal fusion length is not scientifically justified, measures to prevent the appearance or exacerbation of neurological disorders have not been developed, there are no generally accepted clinical and radiation criteria for evaluating treatment outcomes. It is recognized that the severity of clinical manifestations of spondyloptosis is associated with the degree of spinal-pelvic imbalance. The range of surgical interventions is wide: from in situ fusion at the LVSI motion segment to 360 reconstruction with a change in the parameters of the lumbo-pelvic balance. Successful attempts are being made to introduce into clinical practice composite models of metal structures individually made on a 3D printer, specific to the spinal-pelvic balance of a particular patient. Many authors in their publications expressed that various aspects of LV spondyloptosis in children and adolescents require further study.